1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "jvm.h"
  27 #include "aot/aotLoader.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  33 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
  34 #include "code/scopeDesc.hpp"
  35 #include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
  36 #include "compiler/compileTask.hpp"
  37 #include "gc/shared/barrierSet.hpp"
  38 #include "gc/shared/gcId.hpp"
  39 #include "gc/shared/gcLocker.inline.hpp"
  40 #include "gc/shared/workgroup.hpp"
  41 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
  42 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
  43 #include "interpreter/oopMapCache.hpp"
  44 #include "jfr/jfrEvents.hpp"
  45 #include "jvmtifiles/jvmtiEnv.hpp"
  46 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  47 #include "logging/logConfiguration.hpp"
  48 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  49 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  50 #include "memory/iterator.hpp"
  51 #include "memory/metaspaceShared.hpp"
  52 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  53 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  54 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  55 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
  56 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  57 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
  58 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  59 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"
  60 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  61 #include "oops/inlineKlass.hpp"
  62 #include "oops/verifyOopClosure.hpp"
  63 #include "prims/jvm_misc.hpp"
  64 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  65 #include "prims/jvmtiThreadState.hpp"
  66 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  67 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
  68 #include "runtime/biasedLocking.hpp"
  69 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
  70 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagConstraintList.hpp"
  71 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagRangeList.hpp"
  72 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
  73 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
  74 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  75 #include "runtime/handshake.hpp"
  76 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
  77 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
  78 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  79 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  80 #include "runtime/jniHandles.inline.hpp"
  81 #include "runtime/jniPeriodicChecker.hpp"
  82 #include "runtime/memprofiler.hpp"
  83 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
  84 #include "runtime/objectMonitor.hpp"
  85 #include "runtime/orderAccess.hpp"
  86 #include "runtime/osThread.hpp"
  87 #include "runtime/prefetch.inline.hpp"
  88 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
  89 #include "runtime/safepointMechanism.inline.hpp"
  90 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
  91 #include "runtime/serviceThread.hpp"
  92 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
  93 #include "runtime/statSampler.hpp"
  94 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
  95 #include "runtime/sweeper.hpp"
  96 #include "runtime/task.hpp"
  97 #include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
  98 #include "runtime/threadCritical.hpp"
  99 #include "runtime/threadSMR.inline.hpp"
 100 #include "runtime/threadStatisticalInfo.hpp"
 101 #include "runtime/timer.hpp"
 102 #include "runtime/timerTrace.hpp"
 103 #include "runtime/vframe.inline.hpp"
 104 #include "runtime/vframeArray.hpp"
 105 #include "runtime/vframe_hp.hpp"
 106 #include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"
 107 #include "runtime/vmOperations.hpp"
 108 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
 109 #include "services/attachListener.hpp"
 110 #include "services/management.hpp"
 111 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"
 112 #include "services/threadService.hpp"
 113 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
 114 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
 115 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
 116 #include "utilities/dtrace.hpp"
 117 #include "utilities/events.hpp"
 118 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
 119 #include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
 120 #include "utilities/singleWriterSynchronizer.hpp"
 121 #include "utilities/vmError.hpp"
 122 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
 123 #include "jvmci/jvmci.hpp"
 124 #include "jvmci/jvmciEnv.hpp"
 125 #endif
 126 #ifdef COMPILER1
 127 #include "c1/c1_Compiler.hpp"
 128 #endif
 129 #ifdef COMPILER2
 130 #include "opto/c2compiler.hpp"
 131 #include "opto/idealGraphPrinter.hpp"
 132 #endif
 133 #if INCLUDE_RTM_OPT
 134 #include "runtime/rtmLocking.hpp"
 135 #endif
 136 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 137 #include "jfr/jfr.hpp"
 138 #endif
 139 
 140 // Initialization after module runtime initialization
 141 void universe_post_module_init();  // must happen after call_initPhase2
 142 
 143 #ifdef DTRACE_ENABLED
 144 
 145 // Only bother with this argument setup if dtrace is available
 146 
 147   #define HOTSPOT_THREAD_PROBE_start HOTSPOT_THREAD_START
 148   #define HOTSPOT_THREAD_PROBE_stop HOTSPOT_THREAD_STOP
 149 
 150   #define DTRACE_THREAD_PROBE(probe, javathread)                           \
 151     {                                                                      \
 152       ResourceMark rm(this);                                               \
 153       int len = 0;                                                         \
 154       const char* name = (javathread)->get_thread_name();                  \
 155       len = strlen(name);                                                  \
 156       HOTSPOT_THREAD_PROBE_##probe(/* probe = start, stop */               \
 157         (char *) name, len,                                                \
 158         java_lang_Thread::thread_id((javathread)->threadObj()),            \
 159         (uintptr_t) (javathread)->osthread()->thread_id(),                 \
 160         java_lang_Thread::is_daemon((javathread)->threadObj()));           \
 161     }
 162 
 163 #else //  ndef DTRACE_ENABLED
 164 
 165   #define DTRACE_THREAD_PROBE(probe, javathread)
 166 
 167 #endif // ndef DTRACE_ENABLED
 168 
 169 #ifndef USE_LIBRARY_BASED_TLS_ONLY
 170 // Current thread is maintained as a thread-local variable
 171 THREAD_LOCAL Thread* Thread::_thr_current = NULL;
 172 #endif
 173 
 174 // ======= Thread ========
 175 // Support for forcing alignment of thread objects for biased locking
 176 void* Thread::allocate(size_t size, bool throw_excpt, MEMFLAGS flags) {
 177   if (UseBiasedLocking) {
 178     const size_t alignment = markWord::biased_lock_alignment;
 179     size_t aligned_size = size + (alignment - sizeof(intptr_t));
 180     void* real_malloc_addr = throw_excpt? AllocateHeap(aligned_size, flags, CURRENT_PC)
 181                                           : AllocateHeap(aligned_size, flags, CURRENT_PC,
 182                                                          AllocFailStrategy::RETURN_NULL);
 183     void* aligned_addr     = align_up(real_malloc_addr, alignment);
 184     assert(((uintptr_t) aligned_addr + (uintptr_t) size) <=
 185            ((uintptr_t) real_malloc_addr + (uintptr_t) aligned_size),
 186            "JavaThread alignment code overflowed allocated storage");
 187     if (aligned_addr != real_malloc_addr) {
 188       log_info(biasedlocking)("Aligned thread " INTPTR_FORMAT " to " INTPTR_FORMAT,
 189                               p2i(real_malloc_addr),
 190                               p2i(aligned_addr));
 191     }
 192     ((Thread*) aligned_addr)->_real_malloc_address = real_malloc_addr;
 193     return aligned_addr;
 194   } else {
 195     return throw_excpt? AllocateHeap(size, flags, CURRENT_PC)
 196                        : AllocateHeap(size, flags, CURRENT_PC, AllocFailStrategy::RETURN_NULL);
 197   }
 198 }
 199 
 200 void Thread::operator delete(void* p) {
 201   if (UseBiasedLocking) {
 202     FreeHeap(((Thread*) p)->_real_malloc_address);
 203   } else {
 204     FreeHeap(p);
 205   }
 206 }
 207 
 208 void JavaThread::smr_delete() {
 209   if (_on_thread_list) {
 210     ThreadsSMRSupport::smr_delete(this);
 211   } else {
 212     delete this;
 213   }
 214 }
 215 
 216 // Base class for all threads: VMThread, WatcherThread, ConcurrentMarkSweepThread,
 217 // JavaThread
 218 
 219 DEBUG_ONLY(Thread* Thread::_starting_thread = NULL;)
 220 
 221 Thread::Thread() {
 222 
 223   DEBUG_ONLY(_run_state = PRE_CALL_RUN;)
 224 
 225   // stack and get_thread
 226   set_stack_base(NULL);
 227   set_stack_size(0);
 228   set_lgrp_id(-1);
 229   DEBUG_ONLY(clear_suspendible_thread();)
 230 
 231   // allocated data structures
 232   set_osthread(NULL);
 233   set_resource_area(new (mtThread)ResourceArea());
 234   DEBUG_ONLY(_current_resource_mark = NULL;)
 235   set_handle_area(new (mtThread) HandleArea(NULL));
 236   set_metadata_handles(new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtClass) GrowableArray<Metadata*>(30, mtClass));
 237   set_active_handles(NULL);
 238   set_free_handle_block(NULL);
 239   set_last_handle_mark(NULL);
 240   DEBUG_ONLY(_missed_ic_stub_refill_verifier = NULL);
 241 
 242   // Initial value of zero ==> never claimed.
 243   _threads_do_token = 0;
 244   _threads_hazard_ptr = NULL;
 245   _threads_list_ptr = NULL;
 246   _nested_threads_hazard_ptr_cnt = 0;
 247   _rcu_counter = 0;
 248 
 249   // the handle mark links itself to last_handle_mark
 250   new HandleMark(this);
 251 
 252   // plain initialization
 253   debug_only(_owned_locks = NULL;)
 254   NOT_PRODUCT(_no_safepoint_count = 0;)
 255   NOT_PRODUCT(_skip_gcalot = false;)
 256   _jvmti_env_iteration_count = 0;
 257   set_allocated_bytes(0);
 258   _vm_operation_started_count = 0;
 259   _vm_operation_completed_count = 0;
 260   _current_pending_monitor = NULL;
 261   _current_pending_monitor_is_from_java = true;
 262   _current_waiting_monitor = NULL;
 263   _current_pending_raw_monitor = NULL;
 264   _num_nested_signal = 0;
 265   om_free_list = NULL;
 266   om_free_count = 0;
 267   om_free_provision = 32;
 268   om_in_use_list = NULL;
 269   om_in_use_count = 0;
 270 
 271 #ifdef ASSERT
 272   _visited_for_critical_count = false;
 273 #endif
 274 
 275   _SR_lock = new Monitor(Mutex::suspend_resume, "SR_lock", true,
 276                          Monitor::_safepoint_check_sometimes);
 277   _suspend_flags = 0;
 278 
 279   // thread-specific hashCode stream generator state - Marsaglia shift-xor form
 280   _hashStateX = os::random();
 281   _hashStateY = 842502087;
 282   _hashStateZ = 0x8767;    // (int)(3579807591LL & 0xffff) ;
 283   _hashStateW = 273326509;
 284 
 285   _OnTrap   = 0;
 286   _Stalled  = 0;
 287   _TypeTag  = 0x2BAD;
 288 
 289   // Many of the following fields are effectively final - immutable
 290   // Note that nascent threads can't use the Native Monitor-Mutex
 291   // construct until the _MutexEvent is initialized ...
 292   // CONSIDER: instead of using a fixed set of purpose-dedicated ParkEvents
 293   // we might instead use a stack of ParkEvents that we could provision on-demand.
 294   // The stack would act as a cache to avoid calls to ParkEvent::Allocate()
 295   // and ::Release()
 296   _ParkEvent   = ParkEvent::Allocate(this);
 297   _MuxEvent    = ParkEvent::Allocate(this);
 298 
 299 #ifdef CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS
 300   if (CheckUnhandledOops) {
 301     _unhandled_oops = new UnhandledOops(this);
 302   }
 303 #endif // CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS
 304 #ifdef ASSERT
 305   if (UseBiasedLocking) {
 306     assert(is_aligned(this, markWord::biased_lock_alignment), "forced alignment of thread object failed");
 307     assert(this == _real_malloc_address ||
 308            this == align_up(_real_malloc_address, markWord::biased_lock_alignment),
 309            "bug in forced alignment of thread objects");
 310   }
 311 #endif // ASSERT
 312 
 313   // Notify the barrier set that a thread is being created. The initial
 314   // thread is created before the barrier set is available.  The call to
 315   // BarrierSet::on_thread_create() for this thread is therefore deferred
 316   // to BarrierSet::set_barrier_set().
 317   BarrierSet* const barrier_set = BarrierSet::barrier_set();
 318   if (barrier_set != NULL) {
 319     barrier_set->on_thread_create(this);
 320   } else {
 321     // Only the main thread should be created before the barrier set
 322     // and that happens just before Thread::current is set. No other thread
 323     // can attach as the VM is not created yet, so they can't execute this code.
 324     // If the main thread creates other threads before the barrier set that is an error.
 325     assert(Thread::current_or_null() == NULL, "creating thread before barrier set");
 326   }
 327 }
 328 
 329 void Thread::initialize_thread_current() {
 330 #ifndef USE_LIBRARY_BASED_TLS_ONLY
 331   assert(_thr_current == NULL, "Thread::current already initialized");
 332   _thr_current = this;
 333 #endif
 334   assert(ThreadLocalStorage::thread() == NULL, "ThreadLocalStorage::thread already initialized");
 335   ThreadLocalStorage::set_thread(this);
 336   assert(Thread::current() == ThreadLocalStorage::thread(), "TLS mismatch!");
 337 }
 338 
 339 void Thread::clear_thread_current() {
 340   assert(Thread::current() == ThreadLocalStorage::thread(), "TLS mismatch!");
 341 #ifndef USE_LIBRARY_BASED_TLS_ONLY
 342   _thr_current = NULL;
 343 #endif
 344   ThreadLocalStorage::set_thread(NULL);
 345 }
 346 
 347 void Thread::record_stack_base_and_size() {
 348   // Note: at this point, Thread object is not yet initialized. Do not rely on
 349   // any members being initialized. Do not rely on Thread::current() being set.
 350   // If possible, refrain from doing anything which may crash or assert since
 351   // quite probably those crash dumps will be useless.
 352   set_stack_base(os::current_stack_base());
 353   set_stack_size(os::current_stack_size());
 354 
 355   // Set stack limits after thread is initialized.
 356   if (is_Java_thread()) {
 357     ((JavaThread*) this)->set_stack_overflow_limit();
 358     ((JavaThread*) this)->set_reserved_stack_activation(stack_base());
 359   }
 360 }
 361 
 362 #if INCLUDE_NMT
 363 void Thread::register_thread_stack_with_NMT() {
 364   MemTracker::record_thread_stack(stack_end(), stack_size());
 365 }
 366 #endif // INCLUDE_NMT
 367 
 368 void Thread::call_run() {
 369   DEBUG_ONLY(_run_state = CALL_RUN;)
 370 
 371   // At this point, Thread object should be fully initialized and
 372   // Thread::current() should be set.
 373 
 374   assert(Thread::current_or_null() != NULL, "current thread is unset");
 375   assert(Thread::current_or_null() == this, "current thread is wrong");
 376 
 377   // Perform common initialization actions
 378 
 379   register_thread_stack_with_NMT();
 380 
 381   JFR_ONLY(Jfr::on_thread_start(this);)
 382 
 383   log_debug(os, thread)("Thread " UINTX_FORMAT " stack dimensions: "
 384     PTR_FORMAT "-" PTR_FORMAT " (" SIZE_FORMAT "k).",
 385     os::current_thread_id(), p2i(stack_end()),
 386     p2i(stack_base()), stack_size()/1024);
 387 
 388   // Perform <ChildClass> initialization actions
 389   DEBUG_ONLY(_run_state = PRE_RUN;)
 390   this->pre_run();
 391 
 392   // Invoke <ChildClass>::run()
 393   DEBUG_ONLY(_run_state = RUN;)
 394   this->run();
 395   // Returned from <ChildClass>::run(). Thread finished.
 396 
 397   // Perform common tear-down actions
 398 
 399   assert(Thread::current_or_null() != NULL, "current thread is unset");
 400   assert(Thread::current_or_null() == this, "current thread is wrong");
 401 
 402   // Perform <ChildClass> tear-down actions
 403   DEBUG_ONLY(_run_state = POST_RUN;)
 404   this->post_run();
 405 
 406   // Note: at this point the thread object may already have deleted itself,
 407   // so from here on do not dereference *this*. Not all thread types currently
 408   // delete themselves when they terminate. But no thread should ever be deleted
 409   // asynchronously with respect to its termination - that is what _run_state can
 410   // be used to check.
 411 
 412   assert(Thread::current_or_null() == NULL, "current thread still present");
 413 }
 414 
 415 Thread::~Thread() {
 416 
 417   // Attached threads will remain in PRE_CALL_RUN, as will threads that don't actually
 418   // get started due to errors etc. Any active thread should at least reach post_run
 419   // before it is deleted (usually in post_run()).
 420   assert(_run_state == PRE_CALL_RUN ||
 421          _run_state == POST_RUN, "Active Thread deleted before post_run(): "
 422          "_run_state=%d", (int)_run_state);
 423 
 424   // Notify the barrier set that a thread is being destroyed. Note that a barrier
 425   // set might not be available if we encountered errors during bootstrapping.
 426   BarrierSet* const barrier_set = BarrierSet::barrier_set();
 427   if (barrier_set != NULL) {
 428     barrier_set->on_thread_destroy(this);
 429   }
 430 
 431   // stack_base can be NULL if the thread is never started or exited before
 432   // record_stack_base_and_size called. Although, we would like to ensure
 433   // that all started threads do call record_stack_base_and_size(), there is
 434   // not proper way to enforce that.
 435 #if INCLUDE_NMT
 436   if (_stack_base != NULL) {
 437     MemTracker::release_thread_stack(stack_end(), stack_size());
 438 #ifdef ASSERT
 439     set_stack_base(NULL);
 440 #endif
 441   }
 442 #endif // INCLUDE_NMT
 443 
 444   // deallocate data structures
 445   delete resource_area();
 446   // since the handle marks are using the handle area, we have to deallocated the root
 447   // handle mark before deallocating the thread's handle area,
 448   assert(last_handle_mark() != NULL, "check we have an element");
 449   delete last_handle_mark();
 450   assert(last_handle_mark() == NULL, "check we have reached the end");
 451 
 452   // It's possible we can encounter a null _ParkEvent, etc., in stillborn threads.
 453   // We NULL out the fields for good hygiene.
 454   ParkEvent::Release(_ParkEvent); _ParkEvent   = NULL;
 455   ParkEvent::Release(_MuxEvent); _MuxEvent    = NULL;
 456 
 457   delete handle_area();
 458   delete metadata_handles();
 459 
 460   // SR_handler uses this as a termination indicator -
 461   // needs to happen before os::free_thread()
 462   delete _SR_lock;
 463   _SR_lock = NULL;
 464 
 465   // osthread() can be NULL, if creation of thread failed.
 466   if (osthread() != NULL) os::free_thread(osthread());
 467 
 468   // Clear Thread::current if thread is deleting itself and it has not
 469   // already been done. This must be done before the memory is deallocated.
 470   // Needed to ensure JNI correctly detects non-attached threads.
 471   if (this == Thread::current_or_null()) {
 472     Thread::clear_thread_current();
 473   }
 474 
 475   CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS_ONLY(if (CheckUnhandledOops) delete unhandled_oops();)
 476 }
 477 
 478 #ifdef ASSERT
 479 // A JavaThread is considered "dangling" if it is not the current
 480 // thread, has been added the Threads list, the system is not at a
 481 // safepoint and the Thread is not "protected".
 482 //
 483 void Thread::check_for_dangling_thread_pointer(Thread *thread) {
 484   assert(!thread->is_Java_thread() || Thread::current() == thread ||
 485          !((JavaThread *) thread)->on_thread_list() ||
 486          SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint() ||
 487          ThreadsSMRSupport::is_a_protected_JavaThread_with_lock((JavaThread *) thread),
 488          "possibility of dangling Thread pointer");
 489 }
 490 #endif
 491 
 492 ThreadPriority Thread::get_priority(const Thread* const thread) {
 493   ThreadPriority priority;
 494   // Can return an error!
 495   (void)os::get_priority(thread, priority);
 496   assert(MinPriority <= priority && priority <= MaxPriority, "non-Java priority found");
 497   return priority;
 498 }
 499 
 500 void Thread::set_priority(Thread* thread, ThreadPriority priority) {
 501   debug_only(check_for_dangling_thread_pointer(thread);)
 502   // Can return an error!
 503   (void)os::set_priority(thread, priority);
 504 }
 505 
 506 
 507 void Thread::start(Thread* thread) {
 508   // Start is different from resume in that its safety is guaranteed by context or
 509   // being called from a Java method synchronized on the Thread object.
 510   if (!DisableStartThread) {
 511     if (thread->is_Java_thread()) {
 512       // Initialize the thread state to RUNNABLE before starting this thread.
 513       // Can not set it after the thread started because we do not know the
 514       // exact thread state at that time. It could be in MONITOR_WAIT or
 515       // in SLEEPING or some other state.
 516       java_lang_Thread::set_thread_status(((JavaThread*)thread)->threadObj(),
 517                                           java_lang_Thread::RUNNABLE);
 518     }
 519     os::start_thread(thread);
 520   }
 521 }
 522 
 523 class InstallAsyncExceptionClosure : public HandshakeClosure {
 524   Handle _throwable; // The Throwable thrown at the target Thread
 525 public:
 526   InstallAsyncExceptionClosure(Handle throwable) : HandshakeClosure("InstallAsyncException"), _throwable(throwable) {}
 527 
 528   void do_thread(Thread* thr) {
 529     JavaThread* target = (JavaThread*)thr;
 530     // Note that this now allows multiple ThreadDeath exceptions to be
 531     // thrown at a thread.
 532     // The target thread has run and has not exited yet.
 533     target->send_thread_stop(_throwable());
 534   }
 535 };
 536 
 537 void Thread::send_async_exception(oop java_thread, oop java_throwable) {
 538   Handle throwable(Thread::current(), java_throwable);
 539   JavaThread* target = java_lang_Thread::thread(java_thread);
 540   InstallAsyncExceptionClosure vm_stop(throwable);
 541   Handshake::execute(&vm_stop, target);
 542 }
 543 
 544 
 545 // Check if an external suspend request has completed (or has been
 546 // cancelled). Returns true if the thread is externally suspended and
 547 // false otherwise.
 548 //
 549 // The bits parameter returns information about the code path through
 550 // the routine. Useful for debugging:
 551 //
 552 // set in is_ext_suspend_completed():
 553 // 0x00000001 - routine was entered
 554 // 0x00000010 - routine return false at end
 555 // 0x00000100 - thread exited (return false)
 556 // 0x00000200 - suspend request cancelled (return false)
 557 // 0x00000400 - thread suspended (return true)
 558 // 0x00001000 - thread is in a suspend equivalent state (return true)
 559 // 0x00002000 - thread is native and walkable (return true)
 560 // 0x00004000 - thread is native_trans and walkable (needed retry)
 561 //
 562 // set in wait_for_ext_suspend_completion():
 563 // 0x00010000 - routine was entered
 564 // 0x00020000 - suspend request cancelled before loop (return false)
 565 // 0x00040000 - thread suspended before loop (return true)
 566 // 0x00080000 - suspend request cancelled in loop (return false)
 567 // 0x00100000 - thread suspended in loop (return true)
 568 // 0x00200000 - suspend not completed during retry loop (return false)
 569 
 570 // Helper class for tracing suspend wait debug bits.
 571 //
 572 // 0x00000100 indicates that the target thread exited before it could
 573 // self-suspend which is not a wait failure. 0x00000200, 0x00020000 and
 574 // 0x00080000 each indicate a cancelled suspend request so they don't
 575 // count as wait failures either.
 576 #define DEBUG_FALSE_BITS (0x00000010 | 0x00200000)
 577 
 578 class TraceSuspendDebugBits : public StackObj {
 579  private:
 580   JavaThread * jt;
 581   bool         is_wait;
 582   bool         called_by_wait;  // meaningful when !is_wait
 583   uint32_t *   bits;
 584 
 585  public:
 586   TraceSuspendDebugBits(JavaThread *_jt, bool _is_wait, bool _called_by_wait,
 587                         uint32_t *_bits) {
 588     jt             = _jt;
 589     is_wait        = _is_wait;
 590     called_by_wait = _called_by_wait;
 591     bits           = _bits;
 592   }
 593 
 594   ~TraceSuspendDebugBits() {
 595     if (!is_wait) {
 596 #if 1
 597       // By default, don't trace bits for is_ext_suspend_completed() calls.
 598       // That trace is very chatty.
 599       return;
 600 #else
 601       if (!called_by_wait) {
 602         // If tracing for is_ext_suspend_completed() is enabled, then only
 603         // trace calls to it from wait_for_ext_suspend_completion()
 604         return;
 605       }
 606 #endif
 607     }
 608 
 609     if (AssertOnSuspendWaitFailure || TraceSuspendWaitFailures) {
 610       if (bits != NULL && (*bits & DEBUG_FALSE_BITS) != 0) {
 611         MutexLocker ml(Threads_lock);  // needed for get_thread_name()
 612         ResourceMark rm;
 613 
 614         tty->print_cr(
 615                       "Failed wait_for_ext_suspend_completion(thread=%s, debug_bits=%x)",
 616                       jt->get_thread_name(), *bits);
 617 
 618         guarantee(!AssertOnSuspendWaitFailure, "external suspend wait failed");
 619       }
 620     }
 621   }
 622 };
 623 #undef DEBUG_FALSE_BITS
 624 
 625 
 626 bool JavaThread::is_ext_suspend_completed(bool called_by_wait, int delay,
 627                                           uint32_t *bits) {
 628   TraceSuspendDebugBits tsdb(this, false /* !is_wait */, called_by_wait, bits);
 629 
 630   bool did_trans_retry = false;  // only do thread_in_native_trans retry once
 631   bool do_trans_retry;           // flag to force the retry
 632 
 633   *bits |= 0x00000001;
 634 
 635   do {
 636     do_trans_retry = false;
 637 
 638     if (is_exiting()) {
 639       // Thread is in the process of exiting. This is always checked
 640       // first to reduce the risk of dereferencing a freed JavaThread.
 641       *bits |= 0x00000100;
 642       return false;
 643     }
 644 
 645     if (!is_external_suspend()) {
 646       // Suspend request is cancelled. This is always checked before
 647       // is_ext_suspended() to reduce the risk of a rogue resume
 648       // confusing the thread that made the suspend request.
 649       *bits |= 0x00000200;
 650       return false;
 651     }
 652 
 653     if (is_ext_suspended()) {
 654       // thread is suspended
 655       *bits |= 0x00000400;
 656       return true;
 657     }
 658 
 659     // Now that we no longer do hard suspends of threads running
 660     // native code, the target thread can be changing thread state
 661     // while we are in this routine:
 662     //
 663     //   _thread_in_native -> _thread_in_native_trans -> _thread_blocked
 664     //
 665     // We save a copy of the thread state as observed at this moment
 666     // and make our decision about suspend completeness based on the
 667     // copy. This closes the race where the thread state is seen as
 668     // _thread_in_native_trans in the if-thread_blocked check, but is
 669     // seen as _thread_blocked in if-thread_in_native_trans check.
 670     JavaThreadState save_state = thread_state();
 671 
 672     if (save_state == _thread_blocked && is_suspend_equivalent()) {
 673       // If the thread's state is _thread_blocked and this blocking
 674       // condition is known to be equivalent to a suspend, then we can
 675       // consider the thread to be externally suspended. This means that
 676       // the code that sets _thread_blocked has been modified to do
 677       // self-suspension if the blocking condition releases. We also
 678       // used to check for CONDVAR_WAIT here, but that is now covered by
 679       // the _thread_blocked with self-suspension check.
 680       //
 681       // Return true since we wouldn't be here unless there was still an
 682       // external suspend request.
 683       *bits |= 0x00001000;
 684       return true;
 685     } else if (save_state == _thread_in_native && frame_anchor()->walkable()) {
 686       // Threads running native code will self-suspend on native==>VM/Java
 687       // transitions. If its stack is walkable (should always be the case
 688       // unless this function is called before the actual java_suspend()
 689       // call), then the wait is done.
 690       *bits |= 0x00002000;
 691       return true;
 692     } else if (!called_by_wait && !did_trans_retry &&
 693                save_state == _thread_in_native_trans &&
 694                frame_anchor()->walkable()) {
 695       // The thread is transitioning from thread_in_native to another
 696       // thread state. check_safepoint_and_suspend_for_native_trans()
 697       // will force the thread to self-suspend. If it hasn't gotten
 698       // there yet we may have caught the thread in-between the native
 699       // code check above and the self-suspend. Lucky us. If we were
 700       // called by wait_for_ext_suspend_completion(), then it
 701       // will be doing the retries so we don't have to.
 702       //
 703       // Since we use the saved thread state in the if-statement above,
 704       // there is a chance that the thread has already transitioned to
 705       // _thread_blocked by the time we get here. In that case, we will
 706       // make a single unnecessary pass through the logic below. This
 707       // doesn't hurt anything since we still do the trans retry.
 708 
 709       *bits |= 0x00004000;
 710 
 711       // Once the thread leaves thread_in_native_trans for another
 712       // thread state, we break out of this retry loop. We shouldn't
 713       // need this flag to prevent us from getting back here, but
 714       // sometimes paranoia is good.
 715       did_trans_retry = true;
 716 
 717       // We wait for the thread to transition to a more usable state.
 718       for (int i = 1; i <= SuspendRetryCount; i++) {
 719         // We used to do an "os::yield_all(i)" call here with the intention
 720         // that yielding would increase on each retry. However, the parameter
 721         // is ignored on Linux which means the yield didn't scale up. Waiting
 722         // on the SR_lock below provides a much more predictable scale up for
 723         // the delay. It also provides a simple/direct point to check for any
 724         // safepoint requests from the VMThread
 725 
 726         // temporarily drops SR_lock while doing wait with safepoint check
 727         // (if we're a JavaThread - the WatcherThread can also call this)
 728         // and increase delay with each retry
 729         if (Thread::current()->is_Java_thread()) {
 730           SR_lock()->wait(i * delay);
 731         } else {
 732           SR_lock()->wait_without_safepoint_check(i * delay);
 733         }
 734 
 735         // check the actual thread state instead of what we saved above
 736         if (thread_state() != _thread_in_native_trans) {
 737           // the thread has transitioned to another thread state so
 738           // try all the checks (except this one) one more time.
 739           do_trans_retry = true;
 740           break;
 741         }
 742       } // end retry loop
 743 
 744 
 745     }
 746   } while (do_trans_retry);
 747 
 748   *bits |= 0x00000010;
 749   return false;
 750 }
 751 
 752 // Wait for an external suspend request to complete (or be cancelled).
 753 // Returns true if the thread is externally suspended and false otherwise.
 754 //
 755 bool JavaThread::wait_for_ext_suspend_completion(int retries, int delay,
 756                                                  uint32_t *bits) {
 757   TraceSuspendDebugBits tsdb(this, true /* is_wait */,
 758                              false /* !called_by_wait */, bits);
 759 
 760   // local flag copies to minimize SR_lock hold time
 761   bool is_suspended;
 762   bool pending;
 763   uint32_t reset_bits;
 764 
 765   // set a marker so is_ext_suspend_completed() knows we are the caller
 766   *bits |= 0x00010000;
 767 
 768   // We use reset_bits to reinitialize the bits value at the top of
 769   // each retry loop. This allows the caller to make use of any
 770   // unused bits for their own marking purposes.
 771   reset_bits = *bits;
 772 
 773   {
 774     MutexLocker ml(SR_lock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 775     is_suspended = is_ext_suspend_completed(true /* called_by_wait */,
 776                                             delay, bits);
 777     pending = is_external_suspend();
 778   }
 779   // must release SR_lock to allow suspension to complete
 780 
 781   if (!pending) {
 782     // A cancelled suspend request is the only false return from
 783     // is_ext_suspend_completed() that keeps us from entering the
 784     // retry loop.
 785     *bits |= 0x00020000;
 786     return false;
 787   }
 788 
 789   if (is_suspended) {
 790     *bits |= 0x00040000;
 791     return true;
 792   }
 793 
 794   for (int i = 1; i <= retries; i++) {
 795     *bits = reset_bits;  // reinit to only track last retry
 796 
 797     // We used to do an "os::yield_all(i)" call here with the intention
 798     // that yielding would increase on each retry. However, the parameter
 799     // is ignored on Linux which means the yield didn't scale up. Waiting
 800     // on the SR_lock below provides a much more predictable scale up for
 801     // the delay. It also provides a simple/direct point to check for any
 802     // safepoint requests from the VMThread
 803 
 804     {
 805       Thread* t = Thread::current();
 806       MonitorLocker ml(SR_lock(),
 807                        t->is_Java_thread() ? Mutex::_safepoint_check_flag : Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 808       // wait with safepoint check (if we're a JavaThread - the WatcherThread
 809       // can also call this)  and increase delay with each retry
 810       ml.wait(i * delay);
 811 
 812       is_suspended = is_ext_suspend_completed(true /* called_by_wait */,
 813                                               delay, bits);
 814 
 815       // It is possible for the external suspend request to be cancelled
 816       // (by a resume) before the actual suspend operation is completed.
 817       // Refresh our local copy to see if we still need to wait.
 818       pending = is_external_suspend();
 819     }
 820 
 821     if (!pending) {
 822       // A cancelled suspend request is the only false return from
 823       // is_ext_suspend_completed() that keeps us from staying in the
 824       // retry loop.
 825       *bits |= 0x00080000;
 826       return false;
 827     }
 828 
 829     if (is_suspended) {
 830       *bits |= 0x00100000;
 831       return true;
 832     }
 833   } // end retry loop
 834 
 835   // thread did not suspend after all our retries
 836   *bits |= 0x00200000;
 837   return false;
 838 }
 839 
 840 // Called from API entry points which perform stack walking. If the
 841 // associated JavaThread is the current thread, then wait_for_suspend
 842 // is not used. Otherwise, it determines if we should wait for the
 843 // "other" thread to complete external suspension. (NOTE: in future
 844 // releases the suspension mechanism should be reimplemented so this
 845 // is not necessary.)
 846 //
 847 bool
 848 JavaThread::is_thread_fully_suspended(bool wait_for_suspend, uint32_t *bits) {
 849   if (this != JavaThread::current()) {
 850     // "other" threads require special handling.
 851     if (wait_for_suspend) {
 852       // We are allowed to wait for the external suspend to complete
 853       // so give the other thread a chance to get suspended.
 854       if (!wait_for_ext_suspend_completion(SuspendRetryCount,
 855                                            SuspendRetryDelay, bits)) {
 856         // Didn't make it so let the caller know.
 857         return false;
 858       }
 859     }
 860     // We aren't allowed to wait for the external suspend to complete
 861     // so if the other thread isn't externally suspended we need to
 862     // let the caller know.
 863     else if (!is_ext_suspend_completed_with_lock(bits)) {
 864       return false;
 865     }
 866   }
 867 
 868   return true;
 869 }
 870 
 871 // GC Support
 872 bool Thread::claim_par_threads_do(uintx claim_token) {
 873   uintx token = _threads_do_token;
 874   if (token != claim_token) {
 875     uintx res = Atomic::cmpxchg(&_threads_do_token, token, claim_token);
 876     if (res == token) {
 877       return true;
 878     }
 879     guarantee(res == claim_token, "invariant");
 880   }
 881   return false;
 882 }
 883 
 884 void Thread::oops_do(OopClosure* f, CodeBlobClosure* cf) {
 885   if (active_handles() != NULL) {
 886     active_handles()->oops_do(f);
 887   }
 888   // Do oop for ThreadShadow
 889   f->do_oop((oop*)&_pending_exception);
 890   handle_area()->oops_do(f);
 891 
 892   // We scan thread local monitor lists here, and the remaining global
 893   // monitors in ObjectSynchronizer::oops_do().
 894   ObjectSynchronizer::thread_local_used_oops_do(this, f);
 895 }
 896 
 897 void Thread::metadata_handles_do(void f(Metadata*)) {
 898   // Only walk the Handles in Thread.
 899   if (metadata_handles() != NULL) {
 900     for (int i = 0; i< metadata_handles()->length(); i++) {
 901       f(metadata_handles()->at(i));
 902     }
 903   }
 904 }
 905 
 906 void Thread::print_on(outputStream* st, bool print_extended_info) const {
 907   // get_priority assumes osthread initialized
 908   if (osthread() != NULL) {
 909     int os_prio;
 910     if (os::get_native_priority(this, &os_prio) == OS_OK) {
 911       st->print("os_prio=%d ", os_prio);
 912     }
 913 
 914     st->print("cpu=%.2fms ",
 915               os::thread_cpu_time(const_cast<Thread*>(this), true) / 1000000.0
 916               );
 917     st->print("elapsed=%.2fs ",
 918               _statistical_info.getElapsedTime() / 1000.0
 919               );
 920     if (is_Java_thread() && (PrintExtendedThreadInfo || print_extended_info)) {
 921       size_t allocated_bytes = (size_t) const_cast<Thread*>(this)->cooked_allocated_bytes();
 922       st->print("allocated=" SIZE_FORMAT "%s ",
 923                 byte_size_in_proper_unit(allocated_bytes),
 924                 proper_unit_for_byte_size(allocated_bytes)
 925                 );
 926       st->print("defined_classes=" INT64_FORMAT " ", _statistical_info.getDefineClassCount());
 927     }
 928 
 929     st->print("tid=" INTPTR_FORMAT " ", p2i(this));
 930     osthread()->print_on(st);
 931   }
 932   ThreadsSMRSupport::print_info_on(this, st);
 933   st->print(" ");
 934   debug_only(if (WizardMode) print_owned_locks_on(st);)
 935 }
 936 
 937 void Thread::print() const { print_on(tty); }
 938 
 939 // Thread::print_on_error() is called by fatal error handler. Don't use
 940 // any lock or allocate memory.
 941 void Thread::print_on_error(outputStream* st, char* buf, int buflen) const {
 942   assert(!(is_Compiler_thread() || is_Java_thread()), "Can't call name() here if it allocates");
 943 
 944   if (is_VM_thread())                 { st->print("VMThread"); }
 945   else if (is_GC_task_thread())       { st->print("GCTaskThread"); }
 946   else if (is_Watcher_thread())       { st->print("WatcherThread"); }
 947   else if (is_ConcurrentGC_thread())  { st->print("ConcurrentGCThread"); }
 948   else                                { st->print("Thread"); }
 949 
 950   if (is_Named_thread()) {
 951     st->print(" \"%s\"", name());
 952   }
 953 
 954   st->print(" [stack: " PTR_FORMAT "," PTR_FORMAT "]",
 955             p2i(stack_end()), p2i(stack_base()));
 956 
 957   if (osthread()) {
 958     st->print(" [id=%d]", osthread()->thread_id());
 959   }
 960 
 961   ThreadsSMRSupport::print_info_on(this, st);
 962 }
 963 
 964 void Thread::print_value_on(outputStream* st) const {
 965   if (is_Named_thread()) {
 966     st->print(" \"%s\" ", name());
 967   }
 968   st->print(INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(this));   // print address
 969 }
 970 
 971 #ifdef ASSERT
 972 void Thread::print_owned_locks_on(outputStream* st) const {
 973   Mutex* cur = _owned_locks;
 974   if (cur == NULL) {
 975     st->print(" (no locks) ");
 976   } else {
 977     st->print_cr(" Locks owned:");
 978     while (cur) {
 979       cur->print_on(st);
 980       cur = cur->next();
 981     }
 982   }
 983 }
 984 
 985 // Checks safepoint allowed and clears unhandled oops at potential safepoints.
 986 void Thread::check_possible_safepoint() {
 987   if (!is_Java_thread()) return;
 988 
 989   if (_no_safepoint_count > 0) {
 990     print_owned_locks();
 991     fatal("Possible safepoint reached by thread that does not allow it");
 992   }
 993 #ifdef CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS
 994   // Clear unhandled oops in JavaThreads so we get a crash right away.
 995   clear_unhandled_oops();
 996 #endif // CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS
 997 }
 998 
 999 void Thread::check_for_valid_safepoint_state() {
1000   if (!is_Java_thread()) return;
1001 
1002   // Check NoSafepointVerifier, which is implied by locks taken that can be
1003   // shared with the VM thread.  This makes sure that no locks with allow_vm_block
1004   // are held.
1005   check_possible_safepoint();
1006 
1007   if (((JavaThread*)this)->thread_state() != _thread_in_vm) {
1008     fatal("LEAF method calling lock?");
1009   }
1010 
1011   if (GCALotAtAllSafepoints) {
1012     // We could enter a safepoint here and thus have a gc
1013     InterfaceSupport::check_gc_alot();
1014   }
1015 }
1016 #endif // ASSERT
1017 
1018 // We had to move these methods here, because vm threads get into ObjectSynchronizer::enter
1019 // However, there is a note in JavaThread::is_lock_owned() about the VM threads not being
1020 // used for compilation in the future. If that change is made, the need for these methods
1021 // should be revisited, and they should be removed if possible.
1022 
1023 bool Thread::is_lock_owned(address adr) const {
1024   return is_in_full_stack(adr);
1025 }
1026 
1027 bool Thread::set_as_starting_thread() {
1028   assert(_starting_thread == NULL, "already initialized: "
1029          "_starting_thread=" INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(_starting_thread));
1030   // NOTE: this must be called inside the main thread.
1031   DEBUG_ONLY(_starting_thread = this;)
1032   return os::create_main_thread((JavaThread*)this);
1033 }
1034 
1035 static void initialize_class(Symbol* class_name, TRAPS) {
1036   Klass* klass = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(class_name, true, CHECK);
1037   InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->initialize(CHECK);
1038 }
1039 
1040 
1041 // Creates the initial ThreadGroup
1042 static Handle create_initial_thread_group(TRAPS) {
1043   Handle system_instance = JavaCalls::construct_new_instance(
1044                             SystemDictionary::ThreadGroup_klass(),
1045                             vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
1046                             CHECK_NH);
1047   Universe::set_system_thread_group(system_instance());
1048 
1049   Handle string = java_lang_String::create_from_str("main", CHECK_NH);
1050   Handle main_instance = JavaCalls::construct_new_instance(
1051                             SystemDictionary::ThreadGroup_klass(),
1052                             vmSymbols::threadgroup_string_void_signature(),
1053                             system_instance,
1054                             string,
1055                             CHECK_NH);
1056   return main_instance;
1057 }
1058 
1059 // Creates the initial Thread
1060 static oop create_initial_thread(Handle thread_group, JavaThread* thread,
1061                                  TRAPS) {
1062   InstanceKlass* ik = SystemDictionary::Thread_klass();
1063   assert(ik->is_initialized(), "must be");
1064   instanceHandle thread_oop = ik->allocate_instance_handle(CHECK_NULL);
1065 
1066   // Cannot use JavaCalls::construct_new_instance because the java.lang.Thread
1067   // constructor calls Thread.current(), which must be set here for the
1068   // initial thread.
1069   java_lang_Thread::set_thread(thread_oop(), thread);
1070   java_lang_Thread::set_priority(thread_oop(), NormPriority);
1071   thread->set_threadObj(thread_oop());
1072 
1073   Handle string = java_lang_String::create_from_str("main", CHECK_NULL);
1074 
1075   JavaValue result(T_VOID);
1076   JavaCalls::call_special(&result, thread_oop,
1077                           ik,
1078                           vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(),
1079                           vmSymbols::threadgroup_string_void_signature(),
1080                           thread_group,
1081                           string,
1082                           CHECK_NULL);
1083   return thread_oop();
1084 }
1085 
1086 char java_runtime_name[128] = "";
1087 char java_runtime_version[128] = "";
1088 char java_runtime_vendor_version[128] = "";
1089 char java_runtime_vendor_vm_bug_url[128] = "";
1090 
1091 // extract the JRE name from java.lang.VersionProps.java_runtime_name
1092 static const char* get_java_runtime_name(TRAPS) {
1093   Klass* k = SystemDictionary::find(vmSymbols::java_lang_VersionProps(),
1094                                     Handle(), Handle(), CHECK_AND_CLEAR_NULL);
1095   fieldDescriptor fd;
1096   bool found = k != NULL &&
1097                InstanceKlass::cast(k)->find_local_field(vmSymbols::java_runtime_name_name(),
1098                                                         vmSymbols::string_signature(), &fd);
1099   if (found) {
1100     oop name_oop = k->java_mirror()->obj_field(fd.offset());
1101     if (name_oop == NULL) {
1102       return NULL;
1103     }
1104     const char* name = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(name_oop,
1105                                                         java_runtime_name,
1106                                                         sizeof(java_runtime_name));
1107     return name;
1108   } else {
1109     return NULL;
1110   }
1111 }
1112 
1113 // extract the JRE version from java.lang.VersionProps.java_runtime_version
1114 static const char* get_java_runtime_version(TRAPS) {
1115   Klass* k = SystemDictionary::find(vmSymbols::java_lang_VersionProps(),
1116                                     Handle(), Handle(), CHECK_AND_CLEAR_NULL);
1117   fieldDescriptor fd;
1118   bool found = k != NULL &&
1119                InstanceKlass::cast(k)->find_local_field(vmSymbols::java_runtime_version_name(),
1120                                                         vmSymbols::string_signature(), &fd);
1121   if (found) {
1122     oop name_oop = k->java_mirror()->obj_field(fd.offset());
1123     if (name_oop == NULL) {
1124       return NULL;
1125     }
1126     const char* name = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(name_oop,
1127                                                         java_runtime_version,
1128                                                         sizeof(java_runtime_version));
1129     return name;
1130   } else {
1131     return NULL;
1132   }
1133 }
1134 
1135 // extract the JRE vendor version from java.lang.VersionProps.VENDOR_VERSION
1136 static const char* get_java_runtime_vendor_version(TRAPS) {
1137   Klass* k = SystemDictionary::find(vmSymbols::java_lang_VersionProps(),
1138                                     Handle(), Handle(), CHECK_AND_CLEAR_NULL);
1139   fieldDescriptor fd;
1140   bool found = k != NULL &&
1141                InstanceKlass::cast(k)->find_local_field(vmSymbols::java_runtime_vendor_version_name(),
1142                                                         vmSymbols::string_signature(), &fd);
1143   if (found) {
1144     oop name_oop = k->java_mirror()->obj_field(fd.offset());
1145     if (name_oop == NULL) {
1146       return NULL;
1147     }
1148     const char* name = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(name_oop,
1149                                                         java_runtime_vendor_version,
1150                                                         sizeof(java_runtime_vendor_version));
1151     return name;
1152   } else {
1153     return NULL;
1154   }
1155 }
1156 
1157 // extract the JRE vendor VM bug URL from java.lang.VersionProps.VENDOR_URL_VM_BUG
1158 static const char* get_java_runtime_vendor_vm_bug_url(TRAPS) {
1159   Klass* k = SystemDictionary::find(vmSymbols::java_lang_VersionProps(),
1160                                     Handle(), Handle(), CHECK_AND_CLEAR_NULL);
1161   fieldDescriptor fd;
1162   bool found = k != NULL &&
1163                InstanceKlass::cast(k)->find_local_field(vmSymbols::java_runtime_vendor_vm_bug_url_name(),
1164                                                         vmSymbols::string_signature(), &fd);
1165   if (found) {
1166     oop name_oop = k->java_mirror()->obj_field(fd.offset());
1167     if (name_oop == NULL) {
1168       return NULL;
1169     }
1170     const char* name = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(name_oop,
1171                                                         java_runtime_vendor_vm_bug_url,
1172                                                         sizeof(java_runtime_vendor_vm_bug_url));
1173     return name;
1174   } else {
1175     return NULL;
1176   }
1177 }
1178 
1179 // General purpose hook into Java code, run once when the VM is initialized.
1180 // The Java library method itself may be changed independently from the VM.
1181 static void call_postVMInitHook(TRAPS) {
1182   Klass* klass = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(vmSymbols::jdk_internal_vm_PostVMInitHook(), THREAD);
1183   if (klass != NULL) {
1184     JavaValue result(T_VOID);
1185     JavaCalls::call_static(&result, klass, vmSymbols::run_method_name(),
1186                            vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
1187                            CHECK);
1188   }
1189 }
1190 
1191 void JavaThread::allocate_threadObj(Handle thread_group, const char* thread_name,
1192                                     bool daemon, TRAPS) {
1193   assert(thread_group.not_null(), "thread group should be specified");
1194   assert(threadObj() == NULL, "should only create Java thread object once");
1195 
1196   InstanceKlass* ik = SystemDictionary::Thread_klass();
1197   assert(ik->is_initialized(), "must be");
1198   instanceHandle thread_oop = ik->allocate_instance_handle(CHECK);
1199 
1200   // We are called from jni_AttachCurrentThread/jni_AttachCurrentThreadAsDaemon.
1201   // We cannot use JavaCalls::construct_new_instance because the java.lang.Thread
1202   // constructor calls Thread.current(), which must be set here.
1203   java_lang_Thread::set_thread(thread_oop(), this);
1204   java_lang_Thread::set_priority(thread_oop(), NormPriority);
1205   set_threadObj(thread_oop());
1206 
1207   JavaValue result(T_VOID);
1208   if (thread_name != NULL) {
1209     Handle name = java_lang_String::create_from_str(thread_name, CHECK);
1210     // Thread gets assigned specified name and null target
1211     JavaCalls::call_special(&result,
1212                             thread_oop,
1213                             ik,
1214                             vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(),
1215                             vmSymbols::threadgroup_string_void_signature(),
1216                             thread_group,
1217                             name,
1218                             THREAD);
1219   } else {
1220     // Thread gets assigned name "Thread-nnn" and null target
1221     // (java.lang.Thread doesn't have a constructor taking only a ThreadGroup argument)
1222     JavaCalls::call_special(&result,
1223                             thread_oop,
1224                             ik,
1225                             vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(),
1226                             vmSymbols::threadgroup_runnable_void_signature(),
1227                             thread_group,
1228                             Handle(),
1229                             THREAD);
1230   }
1231 
1232 
1233   if (daemon) {
1234     java_lang_Thread::set_daemon(thread_oop());
1235   }
1236 
1237   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1238     return;
1239   }
1240 
1241   Klass* group = SystemDictionary::ThreadGroup_klass();
1242   Handle threadObj(THREAD, this->threadObj());
1243 
1244   JavaCalls::call_special(&result,
1245                           thread_group,
1246                           group,
1247                           vmSymbols::add_method_name(),
1248                           vmSymbols::thread_void_signature(),
1249                           threadObj,          // Arg 1
1250                           THREAD);
1251 }
1252 
1253 // List of all NonJavaThreads and safe iteration over that list.
1254 
1255 class NonJavaThread::List {
1256 public:
1257   NonJavaThread* volatile _head;
1258   SingleWriterSynchronizer _protect;
1259 
1260   List() : _head(NULL), _protect() {}
1261 };
1262 
1263 NonJavaThread::List NonJavaThread::_the_list;
1264 
1265 NonJavaThread::Iterator::Iterator() :
1266   _protect_enter(_the_list._protect.enter()),
1267   _current(Atomic::load_acquire(&_the_list._head))
1268 {}
1269 
1270 NonJavaThread::Iterator::~Iterator() {
1271   _the_list._protect.exit(_protect_enter);
1272 }
1273 
1274 void NonJavaThread::Iterator::step() {
1275   assert(!end(), "precondition");
1276   _current = Atomic::load_acquire(&_current->_next);
1277 }
1278 
1279 NonJavaThread::NonJavaThread() : Thread(), _next(NULL) {
1280   assert(BarrierSet::barrier_set() != NULL, "NonJavaThread created too soon!");
1281 }
1282 
1283 NonJavaThread::~NonJavaThread() { }
1284 
1285 void NonJavaThread::add_to_the_list() {
1286   MutexLocker ml(NonJavaThreadsList_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1287   // Initialize BarrierSet-related data before adding to list.
1288   BarrierSet::barrier_set()->on_thread_attach(this);
1289   Atomic::release_store(&_next, _the_list._head);
1290   Atomic::release_store(&_the_list._head, this);
1291 }
1292 
1293 void NonJavaThread::remove_from_the_list() {
1294   {
1295     MutexLocker ml(NonJavaThreadsList_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1296     // Cleanup BarrierSet-related data before removing from list.
1297     BarrierSet::barrier_set()->on_thread_detach(this);
1298     NonJavaThread* volatile* p = &_the_list._head;
1299     for (NonJavaThread* t = *p; t != NULL; p = &t->_next, t = *p) {
1300       if (t == this) {
1301         *p = _next;
1302         break;
1303       }
1304     }
1305   }
1306   // Wait for any in-progress iterators.  Concurrent synchronize is not
1307   // allowed, so do it while holding a dedicated lock.  Outside and distinct
1308   // from NJTList_lock in case an iteration attempts to lock it.
1309   MutexLocker ml(NonJavaThreadsListSync_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1310   _the_list._protect.synchronize();
1311   _next = NULL;                 // Safe to drop the link now.
1312 }
1313 
1314 void NonJavaThread::pre_run() {
1315   add_to_the_list();
1316 
1317   // This is slightly odd in that NamedThread is a subclass, but
1318   // in fact name() is defined in Thread
1319   assert(this->name() != NULL, "thread name was not set before it was started");
1320   this->set_native_thread_name(this->name());
1321 }
1322 
1323 void NonJavaThread::post_run() {
1324   JFR_ONLY(Jfr::on_thread_exit(this);)
1325   remove_from_the_list();
1326   // Ensure thread-local-storage is cleared before termination.
1327   Thread::clear_thread_current();
1328 }
1329 
1330 // NamedThread --  non-JavaThread subclasses with multiple
1331 // uniquely named instances should derive from this.
1332 NamedThread::NamedThread() :
1333   NonJavaThread(),
1334   _name(NULL),
1335   _processed_thread(NULL),
1336   _gc_id(GCId::undefined())
1337 {}
1338 
1339 NamedThread::~NamedThread() {
1340   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, _name);
1341 }
1342 
1343 void NamedThread::set_name(const char* format, ...) {
1344   guarantee(_name == NULL, "Only get to set name once.");
1345   _name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, max_name_len, mtThread);
1346   va_list ap;
1347   va_start(ap, format);
1348   jio_vsnprintf(_name, max_name_len, format, ap);
1349   va_end(ap);
1350 }
1351 
1352 void NamedThread::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
1353   st->print("\"%s\" ", name());
1354   Thread::print_on(st);
1355   st->cr();
1356 }
1357 
1358 
1359 // ======= WatcherThread ========
1360 
1361 // The watcher thread exists to simulate timer interrupts.  It should
1362 // be replaced by an abstraction over whatever native support for
1363 // timer interrupts exists on the platform.
1364 
1365 WatcherThread* WatcherThread::_watcher_thread   = NULL;
1366 bool WatcherThread::_startable = false;
1367 volatile bool  WatcherThread::_should_terminate = false;
1368 
1369 WatcherThread::WatcherThread() : NonJavaThread() {
1370   assert(watcher_thread() == NULL, "we can only allocate one WatcherThread");
1371   if (os::create_thread(this, os::watcher_thread)) {
1372     _watcher_thread = this;
1373 
1374     // Set the watcher thread to the highest OS priority which should not be
1375     // used, unless a Java thread with priority java.lang.Thread.MAX_PRIORITY
1376     // is created. The only normal thread using this priority is the reference
1377     // handler thread, which runs for very short intervals only.
1378     // If the VMThread's priority is not lower than the WatcherThread profiling
1379     // will be inaccurate.
1380     os::set_priority(this, MaxPriority);
1381     if (!DisableStartThread) {
1382       os::start_thread(this);
1383     }
1384   }
1385 }
1386 
1387 int WatcherThread::sleep() const {
1388   // The WatcherThread does not participate in the safepoint protocol
1389   // for the PeriodicTask_lock because it is not a JavaThread.
1390   MonitorLocker ml(PeriodicTask_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1391 
1392   if (_should_terminate) {
1393     // check for termination before we do any housekeeping or wait
1394     return 0;  // we did not sleep.
1395   }
1396 
1397   // remaining will be zero if there are no tasks,
1398   // causing the WatcherThread to sleep until a task is
1399   // enrolled
1400   int remaining = PeriodicTask::time_to_wait();
1401   int time_slept = 0;
1402 
1403   // we expect this to timeout - we only ever get unparked when
1404   // we should terminate or when a new task has been enrolled
1405   OSThreadWaitState osts(this->osthread(), false /* not Object.wait() */);
1406 
1407   jlong time_before_loop = os::javaTimeNanos();
1408 
1409   while (true) {
1410     bool timedout = ml.wait(remaining);
1411     jlong now = os::javaTimeNanos();
1412 
1413     if (remaining == 0) {
1414       // if we didn't have any tasks we could have waited for a long time
1415       // consider the time_slept zero and reset time_before_loop
1416       time_slept = 0;
1417       time_before_loop = now;
1418     } else {
1419       // need to recalculate since we might have new tasks in _tasks
1420       time_slept = (int) ((now - time_before_loop) / 1000000);
1421     }
1422 
1423     // Change to task list or spurious wakeup of some kind
1424     if (timedout || _should_terminate) {
1425       break;
1426     }
1427 
1428     remaining = PeriodicTask::time_to_wait();
1429     if (remaining == 0) {
1430       // Last task was just disenrolled so loop around and wait until
1431       // another task gets enrolled
1432       continue;
1433     }
1434 
1435     remaining -= time_slept;
1436     if (remaining <= 0) {
1437       break;
1438     }
1439   }
1440 
1441   return time_slept;
1442 }
1443 
1444 void WatcherThread::run() {
1445   assert(this == watcher_thread(), "just checking");
1446 
1447   this->set_active_handles(JNIHandleBlock::allocate_block());
1448   while (true) {
1449     assert(watcher_thread() == Thread::current(), "thread consistency check");
1450     assert(watcher_thread() == this, "thread consistency check");
1451 
1452     // Calculate how long it'll be until the next PeriodicTask work
1453     // should be done, and sleep that amount of time.
1454     int time_waited = sleep();
1455 
1456     if (VMError::is_error_reported()) {
1457       // A fatal error has happened, the error handler(VMError::report_and_die)
1458       // should abort JVM after creating an error log file. However in some
1459       // rare cases, the error handler itself might deadlock. Here periodically
1460       // check for error reporting timeouts, and if it happens, just proceed to
1461       // abort the VM.
1462 
1463       // This code is in WatcherThread because WatcherThread wakes up
1464       // periodically so the fatal error handler doesn't need to do anything;
1465       // also because the WatcherThread is less likely to crash than other
1466       // threads.
1467 
1468       for (;;) {
1469         // Note: we use naked sleep in this loop because we want to avoid using
1470         // any kind of VM infrastructure which may be broken at this point.
1471         if (VMError::check_timeout()) {
1472           // We hit error reporting timeout. Error reporting was interrupted and
1473           // will be wrapping things up now (closing files etc). Give it some more
1474           // time, then quit the VM.
1475           os::naked_short_sleep(200);
1476           // Print a message to stderr.
1477           fdStream err(defaultStream::output_fd());
1478           err.print_raw_cr("# [ timer expired, abort... ]");
1479           // skip atexit/vm_exit/vm_abort hooks
1480           os::die();
1481         }
1482 
1483         // Wait a second, then recheck for timeout.
1484         os::naked_short_sleep(999);
1485       }
1486     }
1487 
1488     if (_should_terminate) {
1489       // check for termination before posting the next tick
1490       break;
1491     }
1492 
1493     PeriodicTask::real_time_tick(time_waited);
1494   }
1495 
1496   // Signal that it is terminated
1497   {
1498     MutexLocker mu(Terminator_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1499     _watcher_thread = NULL;
1500     Terminator_lock->notify_all();
1501   }
1502 }
1503 
1504 void WatcherThread::start() {
1505   assert(PeriodicTask_lock->owned_by_self(), "PeriodicTask_lock required");
1506 
1507   if (watcher_thread() == NULL && _startable) {
1508     _should_terminate = false;
1509     // Create the single instance of WatcherThread
1510     new WatcherThread();
1511   }
1512 }
1513 
1514 void WatcherThread::make_startable() {
1515   assert(PeriodicTask_lock->owned_by_self(), "PeriodicTask_lock required");
1516   _startable = true;
1517 }
1518 
1519 void WatcherThread::stop() {
1520   {
1521     // Follow normal safepoint aware lock enter protocol since the
1522     // WatcherThread is stopped by another JavaThread.
1523     MutexLocker ml(PeriodicTask_lock);
1524     _should_terminate = true;
1525 
1526     WatcherThread* watcher = watcher_thread();
1527     if (watcher != NULL) {
1528       // unpark the WatcherThread so it can see that it should terminate
1529       watcher->unpark();
1530     }
1531   }
1532 
1533   MonitorLocker mu(Terminator_lock);
1534 
1535   while (watcher_thread() != NULL) {
1536     // This wait should make safepoint checks, wait without a timeout,
1537     // and wait as a suspend-equivalent condition.
1538     mu.wait(0, Mutex::_as_suspend_equivalent_flag);
1539   }
1540 }
1541 
1542 void WatcherThread::unpark() {
1543   assert(PeriodicTask_lock->owned_by_self(), "PeriodicTask_lock required");
1544   PeriodicTask_lock->notify();
1545 }
1546 
1547 void WatcherThread::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
1548   st->print("\"%s\" ", name());
1549   Thread::print_on(st);
1550   st->cr();
1551 }
1552 
1553 // ======= JavaThread ========
1554 
1555 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
1556 
1557 jlong* JavaThread::_jvmci_old_thread_counters;
1558 
1559 bool jvmci_counters_include(JavaThread* thread) {
1560   return !JVMCICountersExcludeCompiler || !thread->is_Compiler_thread();
1561 }
1562 
1563 void JavaThread::collect_counters(jlong* array, int length) {
1564   assert(length == JVMCICounterSize, "wrong value");
1565   for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
1566     array[i] = _jvmci_old_thread_counters[i];
1567   }
1568   for (JavaThreadIteratorWithHandle jtiwh; JavaThread *tp = jtiwh.next(); ) {
1569     if (jvmci_counters_include(tp)) {
1570       for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
1571         array[i] += tp->_jvmci_counters[i];
1572       }
1573     }
1574   }
1575 }
1576 
1577 // Attempt to enlarge the array for per thread counters.
1578 jlong* resize_counters_array(jlong* old_counters, int current_size, int new_size) {
1579   jlong* new_counters = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(jlong, new_size, mtJVMCI);
1580   if (old_counters == NULL) {
1581     old_counters = new_counters;
1582     memset(old_counters, 0, sizeof(jlong) * new_size);
1583   } else {
1584     for (int i = 0; i < MIN2((int) current_size, new_size); i++) {
1585       new_counters[i] = old_counters[i];
1586     }
1587     if (new_size > current_size) {
1588       memset(new_counters + current_size, 0, sizeof(jlong) * (new_size - current_size));
1589     }
1590     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(jlong, old_counters);
1591   }
1592   return new_counters;
1593 }
1594 
1595 // Attempt to enlarge the array for per thread counters.
1596 void JavaThread::resize_counters(int current_size, int new_size) {
1597   _jvmci_counters = resize_counters_array(_jvmci_counters, current_size, new_size);
1598 }
1599 
1600 class VM_JVMCIResizeCounters : public VM_Operation {
1601  private:
1602   int _new_size;
1603 
1604  public:
1605   VM_JVMCIResizeCounters(int new_size) : _new_size(new_size) { }
1606   VMOp_Type type()                  const        { return VMOp_JVMCIResizeCounters; }
1607   bool allow_nested_vm_operations() const        { return true; }
1608   void doit() {
1609     // Resize the old thread counters array
1610     jlong* new_counters = resize_counters_array(JavaThread::_jvmci_old_thread_counters, JVMCICounterSize, _new_size);
1611     JavaThread::_jvmci_old_thread_counters = new_counters;
1612 
1613     // Now resize each threads array
1614     for (JavaThreadIteratorWithHandle jtiwh; JavaThread *tp = jtiwh.next(); ) {
1615       tp->resize_counters(JVMCICounterSize, _new_size);
1616     }
1617     JVMCICounterSize = _new_size;
1618   }
1619 };
1620 
1621 void JavaThread::resize_all_jvmci_counters(int new_size) {
1622   VM_JVMCIResizeCounters op(new_size);
1623   VMThread::execute(&op);
1624 }
1625 
1626 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMCI
1627 
1628 // A JavaThread is a normal Java thread
1629 
1630 void JavaThread::initialize() {
1631   // Initialize fields
1632 
1633   set_saved_exception_pc(NULL);
1634   set_threadObj(NULL);
1635   _anchor.clear();
1636   set_entry_point(NULL);
1637   set_jni_functions(jni_functions());
1638   set_callee_target(NULL);
1639   set_vm_result(NULL);
1640   set_vm_result_2(NULL);
1641   set_return_buffered_value(NULL);
1642   set_vframe_array_head(NULL);
1643   set_vframe_array_last(NULL);
1644   set_deferred_locals(NULL);
1645   set_deopt_mark(NULL);
1646   set_deopt_compiled_method(NULL);
1647   set_monitor_chunks(NULL);
1648   _on_thread_list = false;
1649   _thread_state = _thread_new;
1650   _terminated = _not_terminated;
1651   _array_for_gc = NULL;
1652   _suspend_equivalent = false;
1653   _in_deopt_handler = 0;
1654   _doing_unsafe_access = false;
1655   _stack_guard_state = stack_guard_unused;
1656 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
1657   _pending_monitorenter = false;
1658   _pending_deoptimization = -1;
1659   _pending_failed_speculation = 0;
1660   _pending_transfer_to_interpreter = false;
1661   _in_retryable_allocation = false;
1662   _jvmci._alternate_call_target = NULL;
1663   assert(_jvmci._implicit_exception_pc == NULL, "must be");
1664   _jvmci_counters = NULL;
1665   if (JVMCICounterSize > 0) {
1666     resize_counters(0, (int) JVMCICounterSize);
1667   }
1668 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMCI
1669   _reserved_stack_activation = NULL;  // stack base not known yet
1670   set_exception_oop(oop());
1671   _exception_pc  = 0;
1672   _exception_handler_pc = 0;
1673   _is_method_handle_return = 0;
1674   _jvmti_thread_state= NULL;
1675   _should_post_on_exceptions_flag = JNI_FALSE;
1676   _interp_only_mode    = 0;
1677   _special_runtime_exit_condition = _no_async_condition;
1678   _pending_async_exception = NULL;
1679   _thread_stat = NULL;
1680   _thread_stat = new ThreadStatistics();
1681   _jni_active_critical = 0;
1682   _pending_jni_exception_check_fn = NULL;
1683   _do_not_unlock_if_synchronized = false;
1684   _cached_monitor_info = NULL;
1685   _parker = Parker::Allocate(this);
1686   _SleepEvent = ParkEvent::Allocate(this);
1687   // Setup safepoint state info for this thread
1688   ThreadSafepointState::create(this);
1689   _handshake.set_handshakee(this);
1690 
1691   debug_only(_java_call_counter = 0);
1692 
1693   // JVMTI PopFrame support
1694   _popframe_condition = popframe_inactive;
1695   _popframe_preserved_args = NULL;
1696   _popframe_preserved_args_size = 0;
1697   _frames_to_pop_failed_realloc = 0;
1698 
1699   SafepointMechanism::initialize_header(this);
1700 
1701   _class_to_be_initialized = NULL;
1702 
1703   pd_initialize();
1704 }
1705 
1706 JavaThread::JavaThread(bool is_attaching_via_jni) :
1707                        Thread() {
1708   initialize();
1709   if (is_attaching_via_jni) {
1710     _jni_attach_state = _attaching_via_jni;
1711   } else {
1712     _jni_attach_state = _not_attaching_via_jni;
1713   }
1714   assert(deferred_card_mark().is_empty(), "Default MemRegion ctor");
1715 }
1716 
1717 
1718 // interrupt support
1719 
1720 void JavaThread::interrupt() {
1721   debug_only(check_for_dangling_thread_pointer(this);)
1722 
1723   // For Windows _interrupt_event
1724   osthread()->set_interrupted(true);
1725 
1726   // For Thread.sleep
1727   _SleepEvent->unpark();
1728 
1729   // For JSR166 LockSupport.park
1730   parker()->unpark();
1731 
1732   // For ObjectMonitor and JvmtiRawMonitor
1733   _ParkEvent->unpark();
1734 }
1735 
1736 
1737 bool JavaThread::is_interrupted(bool clear_interrupted) {
1738   debug_only(check_for_dangling_thread_pointer(this);)
1739 
1740   if (threadObj() == NULL) {
1741     // If there is no j.l.Thread then it is impossible to have
1742     // been interrupted. We can find NULL during VM initialization
1743     // or when a JNI thread is still in the process of attaching.
1744     // In such cases this must be the current thread.
1745     assert(this == Thread::current(), "invariant");
1746     return false;
1747   }
1748 
1749   bool interrupted = java_lang_Thread::interrupted(threadObj());
1750 
1751   // NOTE that since there is no "lock" around the interrupt and
1752   // is_interrupted operations, there is the possibility that the
1753   // interrupted flag will be "false" but that the
1754   // low-level events will be in the signaled state. This is
1755   // intentional. The effect of this is that Object.wait() and
1756   // LockSupport.park() will appear to have a spurious wakeup, which
1757   // is allowed and not harmful, and the possibility is so rare that
1758   // it is not worth the added complexity to add yet another lock.
1759   // For the sleep event an explicit reset is performed on entry
1760   // to JavaThread::sleep, so there is no early return. It has also been
1761   // recommended not to put the interrupted flag into the "event"
1762   // structure because it hides the issue.
1763   // Also, because there is no lock, we must only clear the interrupt
1764   // state if we are going to report that we were interrupted; otherwise
1765   // an interrupt that happens just after we read the field would be lost.
1766   if (interrupted && clear_interrupted) {
1767     assert(this == Thread::current(), "only the current thread can clear");
1768     java_lang_Thread::set_interrupted(threadObj(), false);
1769     osthread()->set_interrupted(false);
1770   }
1771 
1772   return interrupted;
1773 }
1774 
1775 bool JavaThread::reguard_stack(address cur_sp) {
1776   if (_stack_guard_state != stack_guard_yellow_reserved_disabled
1777       && _stack_guard_state != stack_guard_reserved_disabled) {
1778     return true; // Stack already guarded or guard pages not needed.
1779   }
1780 
1781   if (register_stack_overflow()) {
1782     // For those architectures which have separate register and
1783     // memory stacks, we must check the register stack to see if
1784     // it has overflowed.
1785     return false;
1786   }
1787 
1788   // Java code never executes within the yellow zone: the latter is only
1789   // there to provoke an exception during stack banging.  If java code
1790   // is executing there, either StackShadowPages should be larger, or
1791   // some exception code in c1, c2 or the interpreter isn't unwinding
1792   // when it should.
1793   guarantee(cur_sp > stack_reserved_zone_base(),
1794             "not enough space to reguard - increase StackShadowPages");
1795   if (_stack_guard_state == stack_guard_yellow_reserved_disabled) {
1796     enable_stack_yellow_reserved_zone();
1797     if (reserved_stack_activation() != stack_base()) {
1798       set_reserved_stack_activation(stack_base());
1799     }
1800   } else if (_stack_guard_state == stack_guard_reserved_disabled) {
1801     set_reserved_stack_activation(stack_base());
1802     enable_stack_reserved_zone();
1803   }
1804   return true;
1805 }
1806 
1807 bool JavaThread::reguard_stack(void) {
1808   return reguard_stack(os::current_stack_pointer());
1809 }
1810 
1811 void JavaThread::block_if_vm_exited() {
1812   if (_terminated == _vm_exited) {
1813     // _vm_exited is set at safepoint, and Threads_lock is never released
1814     // we will block here forever.
1815     // Here we can be doing a jump from a safe state to an unsafe state without
1816     // proper transition, but it happens after the final safepoint has begun.
1817     set_thread_state(_thread_in_vm);
1818     Threads_lock->lock();
1819     ShouldNotReachHere();
1820   }
1821 }
1822 
1823 
1824 // Remove this ifdef when C1 is ported to the compiler interface.
1825 static void compiler_thread_entry(JavaThread* thread, TRAPS);
1826 static void sweeper_thread_entry(JavaThread* thread, TRAPS);
1827 
1828 JavaThread::JavaThread(ThreadFunction entry_point, size_t stack_sz) :
1829                        Thread() {
1830   initialize();
1831   _jni_attach_state = _not_attaching_via_jni;
1832   set_entry_point(entry_point);
1833   // Create the native thread itself.
1834   // %note runtime_23
1835   os::ThreadType thr_type = os::java_thread;
1836   thr_type = entry_point == &compiler_thread_entry ? os::compiler_thread :
1837                                                      os::java_thread;
1838   os::create_thread(this, thr_type, stack_sz);
1839   // The _osthread may be NULL here because we ran out of memory (too many threads active).
1840   // We need to throw and OutOfMemoryError - however we cannot do this here because the caller
1841   // may hold a lock and all locks must be unlocked before throwing the exception (throwing
1842   // the exception consists of creating the exception object & initializing it, initialization
1843   // will leave the VM via a JavaCall and then all locks must be unlocked).
1844   //
1845   // The thread is still suspended when we reach here. Thread must be explicit started
1846   // by creator! Furthermore, the thread must also explicitly be added to the Threads list
1847   // by calling Threads:add. The reason why this is not done here, is because the thread
1848   // object must be fully initialized (take a look at JVM_Start)
1849 }
1850 
1851 JavaThread::~JavaThread() {
1852 
1853   // JSR166 -- return the parker to the free list
1854   Parker::Release(_parker);
1855   _parker = NULL;
1856 
1857   // Return the sleep event to the free list
1858   ParkEvent::Release(_SleepEvent);
1859   _SleepEvent = NULL;
1860 
1861   // Free any remaining  previous UnrollBlock
1862   vframeArray* old_array = vframe_array_last();
1863 
1864   if (old_array != NULL) {
1865     Deoptimization::UnrollBlock* old_info = old_array->unroll_block();
1866     old_array->set_unroll_block(NULL);
1867     delete old_info;
1868     delete old_array;
1869   }
1870 
1871   GrowableArray<jvmtiDeferredLocalVariableSet*>* deferred = deferred_locals();
1872   if (deferred != NULL) {
1873     // This can only happen if thread is destroyed before deoptimization occurs.
1874     assert(deferred->length() != 0, "empty array!");
1875     do {
1876       jvmtiDeferredLocalVariableSet* dlv = deferred->at(0);
1877       deferred->remove_at(0);
1878       // individual jvmtiDeferredLocalVariableSet are CHeapObj's
1879       delete dlv;
1880     } while (deferred->length() != 0);
1881     delete deferred;
1882   }
1883 
1884   // All Java related clean up happens in exit
1885   ThreadSafepointState::destroy(this);
1886   if (_thread_stat != NULL) delete _thread_stat;
1887 
1888 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
1889   if (JVMCICounterSize > 0) {
1890     if (jvmci_counters_include(this)) {
1891       for (int i = 0; i < JVMCICounterSize; i++) {
1892         _jvmci_old_thread_counters[i] += _jvmci_counters[i];
1893       }
1894     }
1895     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(jlong, _jvmci_counters);
1896   }
1897 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMCI
1898 }
1899 
1900 
1901 // First JavaThread specific code executed by a new Java thread.
1902 void JavaThread::pre_run() {
1903   // empty - see comments in run()
1904 }
1905 
1906 // The main routine called by a new Java thread. This isn't overridden
1907 // by subclasses, instead different subclasses define a different "entry_point"
1908 // which defines the actual logic for that kind of thread.
1909 void JavaThread::run() {
1910   // initialize thread-local alloc buffer related fields
1911   this->initialize_tlab();
1912 
1913   // Used to test validity of stack trace backs.
1914   // This can't be moved into pre_run() else we invalidate
1915   // the requirement that thread_main_inner is lower on
1916   // the stack. Consequently all the initialization logic
1917   // stays here in run() rather than pre_run().
1918   this->record_base_of_stack_pointer();
1919 
1920   this->create_stack_guard_pages();
1921 
1922   this->cache_global_variables();
1923 
1924   // Thread is now sufficiently initialized to be handled by the safepoint code as being
1925   // in the VM. Change thread state from _thread_new to _thread_in_vm
1926   ThreadStateTransition::transition(this, _thread_new, _thread_in_vm);
1927   // Before a thread is on the threads list it is always safe, so after leaving the
1928   // _thread_new we should emit a instruction barrier. The distance to modified code
1929   // from here is probably far enough, but this is consistent and safe.
1930   OrderAccess::cross_modify_fence();
1931 
1932   assert(JavaThread::current() == this, "sanity check");
1933   assert(!Thread::current()->owns_locks(), "sanity check");
1934 
1935   DTRACE_THREAD_PROBE(start, this);
1936 
1937   // This operation might block. We call that after all safepoint checks for a new thread has
1938   // been completed.
1939   this->set_active_handles(JNIHandleBlock::allocate_block());
1940 
1941   if (JvmtiExport::should_post_thread_life()) {
1942     JvmtiExport::post_thread_start(this);
1943 
1944   }
1945 
1946   // We call another function to do the rest so we are sure that the stack addresses used
1947   // from there will be lower than the stack base just computed.
1948   thread_main_inner();
1949 }
1950 
1951 void JavaThread::thread_main_inner() {
1952   assert(JavaThread::current() == this, "sanity check");
1953   assert(this->threadObj() != NULL, "just checking");
1954 
1955   // Execute thread entry point unless this thread has a pending exception
1956   // or has been stopped before starting.
1957   // Note: Due to JVM_StopThread we can have pending exceptions already!
1958   if (!this->has_pending_exception() &&
1959       !java_lang_Thread::is_stillborn(this->threadObj())) {
1960     {
1961       ResourceMark rm(this);
1962       this->set_native_thread_name(this->get_thread_name());
1963     }
1964     HandleMark hm(this);
1965     this->entry_point()(this, this);
1966   }
1967 
1968   DTRACE_THREAD_PROBE(stop, this);
1969 
1970   // Cleanup is handled in post_run()
1971 }
1972 
1973 // Shared teardown for all JavaThreads
1974 void JavaThread::post_run() {
1975   this->exit(false);
1976   // Defer deletion to here to ensure 'this' is still referenceable in call_run
1977   // for any shared tear-down.
1978   this->smr_delete();
1979 }
1980 
1981 static void ensure_join(JavaThread* thread) {
1982   // We do not need to grab the Threads_lock, since we are operating on ourself.
1983   Handle threadObj(thread, thread->threadObj());
1984   assert(threadObj.not_null(), "java thread object must exist");
1985   ObjectLocker lock(threadObj, thread);
1986   // Ignore pending exception (ThreadDeath), since we are exiting anyway
1987   thread->clear_pending_exception();
1988   // Thread is exiting. So set thread_status field in  java.lang.Thread class to TERMINATED.
1989   java_lang_Thread::set_thread_status(threadObj(), java_lang_Thread::TERMINATED);
1990   // Clear the native thread instance - this makes isAlive return false and allows the join()
1991   // to complete once we've done the notify_all below
1992   java_lang_Thread::set_thread(threadObj(), NULL);
1993   lock.notify_all(thread);
1994   // Ignore pending exception (ThreadDeath), since we are exiting anyway
1995   thread->clear_pending_exception();
1996 }
1997 
1998 static bool is_daemon(oop threadObj) {
1999   return (threadObj != NULL && java_lang_Thread::is_daemon(threadObj));
2000 }
2001 
2002 // For any new cleanup additions, please check to see if they need to be applied to
2003 // cleanup_failed_attach_current_thread as well.
2004 void JavaThread::exit(bool destroy_vm, ExitType exit_type) {
2005   assert(this == JavaThread::current(), "thread consistency check");
2006 
2007   elapsedTimer _timer_exit_phase1;
2008   elapsedTimer _timer_exit_phase2;
2009   elapsedTimer _timer_exit_phase3;
2010   elapsedTimer _timer_exit_phase4;
2011 
2012   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
2013     _timer_exit_phase1.start();
2014   }
2015 
2016   HandleMark hm(this);
2017   Handle uncaught_exception(this, this->pending_exception());
2018   this->clear_pending_exception();
2019   Handle threadObj(this, this->threadObj());
2020   assert(threadObj.not_null(), "Java thread object should be created");
2021 
2022   // FIXIT: This code should be moved into else part, when reliable 1.2/1.3 check is in place
2023   {
2024     EXCEPTION_MARK;
2025 
2026     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
2027   }
2028   if (!destroy_vm) {
2029     if (uncaught_exception.not_null()) {
2030       EXCEPTION_MARK;
2031       // Call method Thread.dispatchUncaughtException().
2032       Klass* thread_klass = SystemDictionary::Thread_klass();
2033       JavaValue result(T_VOID);
2034       JavaCalls::call_virtual(&result,
2035                               threadObj, thread_klass,
2036                               vmSymbols::dispatchUncaughtException_name(),
2037                               vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature(),
2038                               uncaught_exception,
2039                               THREAD);
2040       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
2041         ResourceMark rm(this);
2042         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2043                     "\nException: %s thrown from the UncaughtExceptionHandler"
2044                     " in thread \"%s\"\n",
2045                     pending_exception()->klass()->external_name(),
2046                     get_thread_name());
2047         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
2048       }
2049     }
2050 
2051     // Call Thread.exit(). We try 3 times in case we got another Thread.stop during
2052     // the execution of the method. If that is not enough, then we don't really care. Thread.stop
2053     // is deprecated anyhow.
2054     if (!is_Compiler_thread()) {
2055       int count = 3;
2056       while (java_lang_Thread::threadGroup(threadObj()) != NULL && (count-- > 0)) {
2057         EXCEPTION_MARK;
2058         JavaValue result(T_VOID);
2059         Klass* thread_klass = SystemDictionary::Thread_klass();
2060         JavaCalls::call_virtual(&result,
2061                                 threadObj, thread_klass,
2062                                 vmSymbols::exit_method_name(),
2063                                 vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
2064                                 THREAD);
2065         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
2066       }
2067     }
2068     // notify JVMTI
2069     if (JvmtiExport::should_post_thread_life()) {
2070       JvmtiExport::post_thread_end(this);
2071     }
2072 
2073     // We have notified the agents that we are exiting, before we go on,
2074     // we must check for a pending external suspend request and honor it
2075     // in order to not surprise the thread that made the suspend request.
2076     while (true) {
2077       {
2078         MutexLocker ml(SR_lock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
2079         if (!is_external_suspend()) {
2080           set_terminated(_thread_exiting);
2081           ThreadService::current_thread_exiting(this, is_daemon(threadObj()));
2082           break;
2083         }
2084         // Implied else:
2085         // Things get a little tricky here. We have a pending external
2086         // suspend request, but we are holding the SR_lock so we
2087         // can't just self-suspend. So we temporarily drop the lock
2088         // and then self-suspend.
2089       }
2090 
2091       ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(this);
2092       java_suspend_self();
2093 
2094       // We're done with this suspend request, but we have to loop around
2095       // and check again. Eventually we will get SR_lock without a pending
2096       // external suspend request and will be able to mark ourselves as
2097       // exiting.
2098     }
2099     // no more external suspends are allowed at this point
2100   } else {
2101     assert(!is_terminated() && !is_exiting(), "must not be exiting");
2102     // before_exit() has already posted JVMTI THREAD_END events
2103   }
2104 
2105   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
2106     _timer_exit_phase1.stop();
2107     _timer_exit_phase2.start();
2108   }
2109 
2110   // Capture daemon status before the thread is marked as terminated.
2111   bool daemon = is_daemon(threadObj());
2112 
2113   // Notify waiters on thread object. This has to be done after exit() is called
2114   // on the thread (if the thread is the last thread in a daemon ThreadGroup the
2115   // group should have the destroyed bit set before waiters are notified).
2116   ensure_join(this);
2117   assert(!this->has_pending_exception(), "ensure_join should have cleared");
2118 
2119   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
2120     _timer_exit_phase2.stop();
2121     _timer_exit_phase3.start();
2122   }
2123   // 6282335 JNI DetachCurrentThread spec states that all Java monitors
2124   // held by this thread must be released. The spec does not distinguish
2125   // between JNI-acquired and regular Java monitors. We can only see
2126   // regular Java monitors here if monitor enter-exit matching is broken.
2127   //
2128   // ensure_join() ignores IllegalThreadStateExceptions, and so does
2129   // ObjectSynchronizer::release_monitors_owned_by_thread().
2130   if (exit_type == jni_detach) {
2131     // Sanity check even though JNI DetachCurrentThread() would have
2132     // returned JNI_ERR if there was a Java frame. JavaThread exit
2133     // should be done executing Java code by the time we get here.
2134     assert(!this->has_last_Java_frame(),
2135            "should not have a Java frame when detaching or exiting");
2136     ObjectSynchronizer::release_monitors_owned_by_thread(this);
2137     assert(!this->has_pending_exception(), "release_monitors should have cleared");
2138   }
2139 
2140   // These things needs to be done while we are still a Java Thread. Make sure that thread
2141   // is in a consistent state, in case GC happens
2142   JFR_ONLY(Jfr::on_thread_exit(this);)
2143 
2144   if (active_handles() != NULL) {
2145     JNIHandleBlock* block = active_handles();
2146     set_active_handles(NULL);
2147     JNIHandleBlock::release_block(block);
2148   }
2149 
2150   if (free_handle_block() != NULL) {
2151     JNIHandleBlock* block = free_handle_block();
2152     set_free_handle_block(NULL);
2153     JNIHandleBlock::release_block(block);
2154   }
2155 
2156   // These have to be removed while this is still a valid thread.
2157   remove_stack_guard_pages();
2158 
2159   if (UseTLAB) {
2160     tlab().retire();
2161   }
2162 
2163   if (JvmtiEnv::environments_might_exist()) {
2164     JvmtiExport::cleanup_thread(this);
2165   }
2166 
2167   // We need to cache the thread name for logging purposes below as once
2168   // we have called on_thread_detach this thread must not access any oops.
2169   char* thread_name = NULL;
2170   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
2171     ResourceMark rm(this);
2172     thread_name = os::strdup(get_thread_name());
2173   }
2174 
2175   // We must flush any deferred card marks and other various GC barrier
2176   // related buffers (e.g. G1 SATB buffer and G1 dirty card queue buffer)
2177   // before removing a thread from the list of active threads.
2178   BarrierSet::barrier_set()->on_thread_detach(this);
2179 
2180   log_info(os, thread)("JavaThread %s (tid: " UINTX_FORMAT ").",
2181     exit_type == JavaThread::normal_exit ? "exiting" : "detaching",
2182     os::current_thread_id());
2183 
2184   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
2185     _timer_exit_phase3.stop();
2186     _timer_exit_phase4.start();
2187   }
2188   // Remove from list of active threads list, and notify VM thread if we are the last non-daemon thread
2189   Threads::remove(this, daemon);
2190 
2191   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, thread, timer)) {
2192     _timer_exit_phase4.stop();
2193     log_debug(os, thread, timer)("name='%s'"
2194                                  ", exit-phase1=" JLONG_FORMAT
2195                                  ", exit-phase2=" JLONG_FORMAT
2196                                  ", exit-phase3=" JLONG_FORMAT
2197                                  ", exit-phase4=" JLONG_FORMAT,
2198                                  thread_name,
2199                                  _timer_exit_phase1.milliseconds(),
2200                                  _timer_exit_phase2.milliseconds(),
2201                                  _timer_exit_phase3.milliseconds(),
2202                                  _timer_exit_phase4.milliseconds());
2203     os::free(thread_name);
2204   }
2205 }
2206 
2207 void JavaThread::cleanup_failed_attach_current_thread(bool is_daemon) {
2208   if (active_handles() != NULL) {
2209     JNIHandleBlock* block = active_handles();
2210     set_active_handles(NULL);
2211     JNIHandleBlock::release_block(block);
2212   }
2213 
2214   if (free_handle_block() != NULL) {
2215     JNIHandleBlock* block = free_handle_block();
2216     set_free_handle_block(NULL);
2217     JNIHandleBlock::release_block(block);
2218   }
2219 
2220   // These have to be removed while this is still a valid thread.
2221   remove_stack_guard_pages();
2222 
2223   if (UseTLAB) {
2224     tlab().retire();
2225   }
2226 
2227   BarrierSet::barrier_set()->on_thread_detach(this);
2228 
2229   Threads::remove(this, is_daemon);
2230   this->smr_delete();
2231 }
2232 
2233 JavaThread* JavaThread::active() {
2234   Thread* thread = Thread::current();
2235   if (thread->is_Java_thread()) {
2236     return (JavaThread*) thread;
2237   } else {
2238     assert(thread->is_VM_thread(), "this must be a vm thread");
2239     VM_Operation* op = ((VMThread*) thread)->vm_operation();
2240     JavaThread *ret=op == NULL ? NULL : (JavaThread *)op->calling_thread();
2241     assert(ret->is_Java_thread(), "must be a Java thread");
2242     return ret;
2243   }
2244 }
2245 
2246 bool JavaThread::is_lock_owned(address adr) const {
2247   if (Thread::is_lock_owned(adr)) return true;
2248 
2249   for (MonitorChunk* chunk = monitor_chunks(); chunk != NULL; chunk = chunk->next()) {
2250     if (chunk->contains(adr)) return true;
2251   }
2252 
2253   return false;
2254 }
2255 
2256 oop JavaThread::exception_oop() const {
2257   return Atomic::load(&_exception_oop);
2258 }
2259 
2260 void JavaThread::set_exception_oop(oop o) {
2261   Atomic::store(&_exception_oop, o);
2262 }
2263 
2264 void JavaThread::add_monitor_chunk(MonitorChunk* chunk) {
2265   chunk->set_next(monitor_chunks());
2266   set_monitor_chunks(chunk);
2267 }
2268 
2269 void JavaThread::remove_monitor_chunk(MonitorChunk* chunk) {
2270   guarantee(monitor_chunks() != NULL, "must be non empty");
2271   if (monitor_chunks() == chunk) {
2272     set_monitor_chunks(chunk->next());
2273   } else {
2274     MonitorChunk* prev = monitor_chunks();
2275     while (prev->next() != chunk) prev = prev->next();
2276     prev->set_next(chunk->next());
2277   }
2278 }
2279 
2280 // JVM support.
2281 
2282 // Note: this function shouldn't block if it's called in
2283 // _thread_in_native_trans state (such as from
2284 // check_special_condition_for_native_trans()).
2285 void JavaThread::check_and_handle_async_exceptions(bool check_unsafe_error) {
2286 
2287   if (has_last_Java_frame() && has_async_condition()) {
2288     // If we are at a polling page safepoint (not a poll return)
2289     // then we must defer async exception because live registers
2290     // will be clobbered by the exception path. Poll return is
2291     // ok because the call we a returning from already collides
2292     // with exception handling registers and so there is no issue.
2293     // (The exception handling path kills call result registers but
2294     //  this is ok since the exception kills the result anyway).
2295 
2296     if (is_at_poll_safepoint()) {
2297       // if the code we are returning to has deoptimized we must defer
2298       // the exception otherwise live registers get clobbered on the
2299       // exception path before deoptimization is able to retrieve them.
2300       //
2301       RegisterMap map(this, false);
2302       frame caller_fr = last_frame().sender(&map);
2303       assert(caller_fr.is_compiled_frame(), "what?");
2304       if (caller_fr.is_deoptimized_frame()) {
2305         log_info(exceptions)("deferred async exception at compiled safepoint");
2306         return;
2307       }
2308     }
2309   }
2310 
2311   JavaThread::AsyncRequests condition = clear_special_runtime_exit_condition();
2312   if (condition == _no_async_condition) {
2313     // Conditions have changed since has_special_runtime_exit_condition()
2314     // was called:
2315     // - if we were here only because of an external suspend request,
2316     //   then that was taken care of above (or cancelled) so we are done
2317     // - if we were here because of another async request, then it has
2318     //   been cleared between the has_special_runtime_exit_condition()
2319     //   and now so again we are done
2320     return;
2321   }
2322 
2323   // Check for pending async. exception
2324   if (_pending_async_exception != NULL) {
2325     // Only overwrite an already pending exception, if it is not a threadDeath.
2326     if (!has_pending_exception() || !pending_exception()->is_a(SystemDictionary::ThreadDeath_klass())) {
2327 
2328       // We cannot call Exceptions::_throw(...) here because we cannot block
2329       set_pending_exception(_pending_async_exception, __FILE__, __LINE__);
2330 
2331       LogTarget(Info, exceptions) lt;
2332       if (lt.is_enabled()) {
2333         ResourceMark rm;
2334         LogStream ls(lt);
2335         ls.print("Async. exception installed at runtime exit (" INTPTR_FORMAT ")", p2i(this));
2336           if (has_last_Java_frame()) {
2337             frame f = last_frame();
2338            ls.print(" (pc: " INTPTR_FORMAT " sp: " INTPTR_FORMAT " )", p2i(f.pc()), p2i(f.sp()));
2339           }
2340         ls.print_cr(" of type: %s", _pending_async_exception->klass()->external_name());
2341       }
2342       _pending_async_exception = NULL;
2343       clear_has_async_exception();
2344     }
2345   }
2346 
2347   if (check_unsafe_error &&
2348       condition == _async_unsafe_access_error && !has_pending_exception()) {
2349     condition = _no_async_condition;  // done
2350     switch (thread_state()) {
2351     case _thread_in_vm: {
2352       JavaThread* THREAD = this;
2353       THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), "a fault occurred in an unsafe memory access operation");
2354     }
2355     case _thread_in_native: {
2356       ThreadInVMfromNative tiv(this);
2357       JavaThread* THREAD = this;
2358       THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), "a fault occurred in an unsafe memory access operation");
2359     }
2360     case _thread_in_Java: {
2361       ThreadInVMfromJava tiv(this);
2362       JavaThread* THREAD = this;
2363       THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), "a fault occurred in a recent unsafe memory access operation in compiled Java code");
2364     }
2365     default:
2366       ShouldNotReachHere();
2367     }
2368   }
2369 
2370   assert(condition == _no_async_condition || has_pending_exception() ||
2371          (!check_unsafe_error && condition == _async_unsafe_access_error),
2372          "must have handled the async condition, if no exception");
2373 }
2374 
2375 void JavaThread::handle_special_runtime_exit_condition(bool check_asyncs) {
2376 
2377   // Check for pending external suspend.
2378   if (is_external_suspend_with_lock()) {
2379     frame_anchor()->make_walkable(this);
2380     java_suspend_self_with_safepoint_check();
2381   }
2382 
2383   // We might be here for reasons in addition to the self-suspend request
2384   // so check for other async requests.
2385   if (check_asyncs) {
2386     check_and_handle_async_exceptions();
2387   }
2388 
2389   JFR_ONLY(SUSPEND_THREAD_CONDITIONAL(this);)
2390 }
2391 
2392 void JavaThread::send_thread_stop(oop java_throwable)  {
2393   ResourceMark rm;
2394   assert(Thread::current()->is_VM_thread() || Thread::current() == this, "should be in the vm thread");
2395 
2396   // Do not throw asynchronous exceptions against the compiler thread
2397   // (the compiler thread should not be a Java thread -- fix in 1.4.2)
2398   if (!can_call_java()) return;
2399 
2400   {
2401     // Actually throw the Throwable against the target Thread - however
2402     // only if there is no thread death exception installed already.
2403     if (_pending_async_exception == NULL || !_pending_async_exception->is_a(SystemDictionary::ThreadDeath_klass())) {
2404       // If the topmost frame is a runtime stub, then we are calling into
2405       // OptoRuntime from compiled code. Some runtime stubs (new, monitor_exit..)
2406       // must deoptimize the caller before continuing, as the compiled  exception handler table
2407       // may not be valid
2408       if (has_last_Java_frame()) {
2409         frame f = last_frame();
2410         if (f.is_runtime_frame() || f.is_safepoint_blob_frame()) {
2411           RegisterMap reg_map(this, false);
2412           frame compiled_frame = f.sender(&reg_map);
2413           if (!StressCompiledExceptionHandlers && compiled_frame.can_be_deoptimized()) {
2414             Deoptimization::deoptimize(this, compiled_frame);
2415           }
2416         }
2417       }
2418 
2419       // Set async. pending exception in thread.
2420       set_pending_async_exception(java_throwable);
2421 
2422       if (log_is_enabled(Info, exceptions)) {
2423          ResourceMark rm;
2424         log_info(exceptions)("Pending Async. exception installed of type: %s",
2425                              InstanceKlass::cast(_pending_async_exception->klass())->external_name());
2426       }
2427       // for AbortVMOnException flag
2428       Exceptions::debug_check_abort(_pending_async_exception->klass()->external_name());
2429     }
2430   }
2431 
2432 
2433   // Interrupt thread so it will wake up from a potential wait()/sleep()/park()
2434   java_lang_Thread::set_interrupted(threadObj(), true);
2435   this->interrupt();
2436 }
2437 
2438 // External suspension mechanism.
2439 //
2440 // Tell the VM to suspend a thread when ever it knows that it does not hold on
2441 // to any VM_locks and it is at a transition
2442 // Self-suspension will happen on the transition out of the vm.
2443 // Catch "this" coming in from JNIEnv pointers when the thread has been freed
2444 //
2445 // Guarantees on return:
2446 //   + Target thread will not execute any new bytecode (that's why we need to
2447 //     force a safepoint)
2448 //   + Target thread will not enter any new monitors
2449 //
2450 void JavaThread::java_suspend() {
2451   ThreadsListHandle tlh;
2452   if (!tlh.includes(this) || threadObj() == NULL || is_exiting()) {
2453     return;
2454   }
2455 
2456   { MutexLocker ml(SR_lock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
2457     if (!is_external_suspend()) {
2458       // a racing resume has cancelled us; bail out now
2459       return;
2460     }
2461 
2462     // suspend is done
2463     uint32_t debug_bits = 0;
2464     // Warning: is_ext_suspend_completed() may temporarily drop the
2465     // SR_lock to allow the thread to reach a stable thread state if
2466     // it is currently in a transient thread state.
2467     if (is_ext_suspend_completed(false /* !called_by_wait */,
2468                                  SuspendRetryDelay, &debug_bits)) {
2469       return;
2470     }
2471   }
2472 
2473   if (Thread::current() == this) {
2474     // Safely self-suspend.
2475     // If we don't do this explicitly it will implicitly happen
2476     // before we transition back to Java, and on some other thread-state
2477     // transition paths, but not as we exit a JVM TI SuspendThread call.
2478     // As SuspendThread(current) must not return (until resumed) we must
2479     // self-suspend here.
2480     ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(this);
2481     java_suspend_self();
2482   } else {
2483     VM_ThreadSuspend vm_suspend;
2484     VMThread::execute(&vm_suspend);
2485   }
2486 }
2487 
2488 // Part II of external suspension.
2489 // A JavaThread self suspends when it detects a pending external suspend
2490 // request. This is usually on transitions. It is also done in places
2491 // where continuing to the next transition would surprise the caller,
2492 // e.g., monitor entry.
2493 //
2494 // Returns the number of times that the thread self-suspended.
2495 //
2496 // Note: DO NOT call java_suspend_self() when you just want to block current
2497 //       thread. java_suspend_self() is the second stage of cooperative
2498 //       suspension for external suspend requests and should only be used
2499 //       to complete an external suspend request.
2500 //
2501 int JavaThread::java_suspend_self() {
2502   assert(thread_state() == _thread_blocked, "wrong state for java_suspend_self()");
2503   int ret = 0;
2504 
2505   // we are in the process of exiting so don't suspend
2506   if (is_exiting()) {
2507     clear_external_suspend();
2508     return ret;
2509   }
2510 
2511   assert(_anchor.walkable() ||
2512          (is_Java_thread() && !((JavaThread*)this)->has_last_Java_frame()),
2513          "must have walkable stack");
2514 
2515   MonitorLocker ml(SR_lock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
2516 
2517   assert(!this->is_ext_suspended(),
2518          "a thread trying to self-suspend should not already be suspended");
2519 
2520   if (this->is_suspend_equivalent()) {
2521     // If we are self-suspending as a result of the lifting of a
2522     // suspend equivalent condition, then the suspend_equivalent
2523     // flag is not cleared until we set the ext_suspended flag so
2524     // that wait_for_ext_suspend_completion() returns consistent
2525     // results.
2526     this->clear_suspend_equivalent();
2527   }
2528 
2529   // A racing resume may have cancelled us before we grabbed SR_lock
2530   // above. Or another external suspend request could be waiting for us
2531   // by the time we return from SR_lock()->wait(). The thread
2532   // that requested the suspension may already be trying to walk our
2533   // stack and if we return now, we can change the stack out from under
2534   // it. This would be a "bad thing (TM)" and cause the stack walker
2535   // to crash. We stay self-suspended until there are no more pending
2536   // external suspend requests.
2537   while (is_external_suspend()) {
2538     ret++;
2539     this->set_ext_suspended();
2540 
2541     // _ext_suspended flag is cleared by java_resume()
2542     while (is_ext_suspended()) {
2543       ml.wait();
2544     }
2545   }
2546   return ret;
2547 }
2548 
2549 // Helper routine to set up the correct thread state before calling java_suspend_self.
2550 // This is called when regular thread-state transition helpers can't be used because
2551 // we can be in various states, in particular _thread_in_native_trans.
2552 // Because this thread is external suspended the safepoint code will count it as at
2553 // a safepoint, regardless of what its actual current thread-state is. But
2554 // is_ext_suspend_completed() may be waiting to see a thread transition from
2555 // _thread_in_native_trans to _thread_blocked. So we set the thread state directly
2556 // to _thread_blocked. The problem with setting thread state directly is that a
2557 // safepoint could happen just after java_suspend_self() returns after being resumed,
2558 // and the VM thread will see the _thread_blocked state. So we must check for a safepoint
2559 // after restoring the state to make sure we won't leave while a safepoint is in progress.
2560 // However, not all initial-states are allowed when performing a safepoint check, as we
2561 // should never be blocking at a safepoint whilst in those states. Of these 'bad' states
2562 // only _thread_in_native is possible when executing this code (based on our two callers).
2563 // A thread that is _thread_in_native is already safepoint-safe and so it doesn't matter
2564 // whether the VMThread sees the _thread_blocked state, or the _thread_in_native state,
2565 // and so we don't need the explicit safepoint check.
2566 
2567 void JavaThread::java_suspend_self_with_safepoint_check() {
2568   assert(this == Thread::current(), "invariant");
2569   JavaThreadState state = thread_state();
2570   set_thread_state(_thread_blocked);
2571   java_suspend_self();
2572   set_thread_state_fence(state);
2573   // Since we are not using a regular thread-state transition helper here,
2574   // we must manually emit the instruction barrier after leaving a safe state.
2575   OrderAccess::cross_modify_fence();
2576   if (state != _thread_in_native) {
2577     SafepointMechanism::block_if_requested(this);
2578   }
2579 }
2580 
2581 #ifdef ASSERT
2582 // Verify the JavaThread has not yet been published in the Threads::list, and
2583 // hence doesn't need protection from concurrent access at this stage.
2584 void JavaThread::verify_not_published() {
2585   // Cannot create a ThreadsListHandle here and check !tlh.includes(this)
2586   // since an unpublished JavaThread doesn't participate in the
2587   // Thread-SMR protocol for keeping a ThreadsList alive.
2588   assert(!on_thread_list(), "JavaThread shouldn't have been published yet!");
2589 }
2590 #endif
2591 
2592 // Slow path when the native==>VM/Java barriers detect a safepoint is in
2593 // progress or when _suspend_flags is non-zero.
2594 // Current thread needs to self-suspend if there is a suspend request and/or
2595 // block if a safepoint is in progress.
2596 // Async exception ISN'T checked.
2597 // Note only the ThreadInVMfromNative transition can call this function
2598 // directly and when thread state is _thread_in_native_trans
2599 void JavaThread::check_safepoint_and_suspend_for_native_trans(JavaThread *thread) {
2600   assert(thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_native_trans, "wrong state");
2601 
2602   assert(!thread->has_last_Java_frame() || thread->frame_anchor()->walkable(), "Unwalkable stack in native->vm transition");
2603 
2604   if (thread->is_external_suspend()) {
2605     thread->java_suspend_self_with_safepoint_check();
2606   } else {
2607     SafepointMechanism::block_if_requested(thread);
2608   }
2609 
2610   JFR_ONLY(SUSPEND_THREAD_CONDITIONAL(thread);)
2611 }
2612 
2613 // Slow path when the native==>VM/Java barriers detect a safepoint is in
2614 // progress or when _suspend_flags is non-zero.
2615 // Current thread needs to self-suspend if there is a suspend request and/or
2616 // block if a safepoint is in progress.
2617 // Also check for pending async exception (not including unsafe access error).
2618 // Note only the native==>VM/Java barriers can call this function and when
2619 // thread state is _thread_in_native_trans.
2620 void JavaThread::check_special_condition_for_native_trans(JavaThread *thread) {
2621   check_safepoint_and_suspend_for_native_trans(thread);
2622 
2623   if (thread->has_async_exception()) {
2624     // We are in _thread_in_native_trans state, don't handle unsafe
2625     // access error since that may block.
2626     thread->check_and_handle_async_exceptions(false);
2627   }
2628 }
2629 
2630 // This is a variant of the normal
2631 // check_special_condition_for_native_trans with slightly different
2632 // semantics for use by critical native wrappers.  It does all the
2633 // normal checks but also performs the transition back into
2634 // thread_in_Java state.  This is required so that critical natives
2635 // can potentially block and perform a GC if they are the last thread
2636 // exiting the GCLocker.
2637 void JavaThread::check_special_condition_for_native_trans_and_transition(JavaThread *thread) {
2638   check_special_condition_for_native_trans(thread);
2639 
2640   // Finish the transition
2641   thread->set_thread_state(_thread_in_Java);
2642 
2643   if (thread->do_critical_native_unlock()) {
2644     ThreadInVMfromJavaNoAsyncException tiv(thread);
2645     GCLocker::unlock_critical(thread);
2646     thread->clear_critical_native_unlock();
2647   }
2648 }
2649 
2650 // We need to guarantee the Threads_lock here, since resumes are not
2651 // allowed during safepoint synchronization
2652 // Can only resume from an external suspension
2653 void JavaThread::java_resume() {
2654   assert_locked_or_safepoint(Threads_lock);
2655 
2656   // Sanity check: thread is gone, has started exiting or the thread
2657   // was not externally suspended.
2658   ThreadsListHandle tlh;
2659   if (!tlh.includes(this) || is_exiting() || !is_external_suspend()) {
2660     return;
2661   }
2662 
2663   MutexLocker ml(SR_lock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
2664 
2665   clear_external_suspend();
2666 
2667   if (is_ext_suspended()) {
2668     clear_ext_suspended();
2669     SR_lock()->notify_all();
2670   }
2671 }
2672 
2673 size_t JavaThread::_stack_red_zone_size = 0;
2674 size_t JavaThread::_stack_yellow_zone_size = 0;
2675 size_t JavaThread::_stack_reserved_zone_size = 0;
2676 size_t JavaThread::_stack_shadow_zone_size = 0;
2677 
2678 void JavaThread::create_stack_guard_pages() {
2679   if (!os::uses_stack_guard_pages() ||
2680       _stack_guard_state != stack_guard_unused ||
2681       (DisablePrimordialThreadGuardPages && os::is_primordial_thread())) {
2682       log_info(os, thread)("Stack guard page creation for thread "
2683                            UINTX_FORMAT " disabled", os::current_thread_id());
2684     return;
2685   }
2686   address low_addr = stack_end();
2687   size_t len = stack_guard_zone_size();
2688 
2689   assert(is_aligned(low_addr, os::vm_page_size()), "Stack base should be the start of a page");
2690   assert(is_aligned(len, os::vm_page_size()), "Stack size should be a multiple of page size");
2691 
2692   int must_commit = os::must_commit_stack_guard_pages();
2693   // warning("Guarding at " PTR_FORMAT " for len " SIZE_FORMAT "\n", low_addr, len);
2694 
2695   if (must_commit && !os::create_stack_guard_pages((char *) low_addr, len)) {
2696     log_warning(os, thread)("Attempt to allocate stack guard pages failed.");
2697     return;
2698   }
2699 
2700   if (os::guard_memory((char *) low_addr, len)) {
2701     _stack_guard_state = stack_guard_enabled;
2702   } else {
2703     log_warning(os, thread)("Attempt to protect stack guard pages failed ("
2704       PTR_FORMAT "-" PTR_FORMAT ").", p2i(low_addr), p2i(low_addr + len));
2705     if (os::uncommit_memory((char *) low_addr, len)) {
2706       log_warning(os, thread)("Attempt to deallocate stack guard pages failed.");
2707     }
2708     return;
2709   }
2710 
2711   log_debug(os, thread)("Thread " UINTX_FORMAT " stack guard pages activated: "
2712     PTR_FORMAT "-" PTR_FORMAT ".",
2713     os::current_thread_id(), p2i(low_addr), p2i(low_addr + len));
2714 }
2715 
2716 void JavaThread::remove_stack_guard_pages() {
2717   assert(Thread::current() == this, "from different thread");
2718   if (_stack_guard_state == stack_guard_unused) return;
2719   address low_addr = stack_end();
2720   size_t len = stack_guard_zone_size();
2721 
2722   if (os::must_commit_stack_guard_pages()) {
2723     if (os::remove_stack_guard_pages((char *) low_addr, len)) {
2724       _stack_guard_state = stack_guard_unused;
2725     } else {
2726       log_warning(os, thread)("Attempt to deallocate stack guard pages failed ("
2727         PTR_FORMAT "-" PTR_FORMAT ").", p2i(low_addr), p2i(low_addr + len));
2728       return;
2729     }
2730   } else {
2731     if (_stack_guard_state == stack_guard_unused) return;
2732     if (os::unguard_memory((char *) low_addr, len)) {
2733       _stack_guard_state = stack_guard_unused;
2734     } else {
2735       log_warning(os, thread)("Attempt to unprotect stack guard pages failed ("
2736         PTR_FORMAT "-" PTR_FORMAT ").", p2i(low_addr), p2i(low_addr + len));
2737       return;
2738     }
2739   }
2740 
2741   log_debug(os, thread)("Thread " UINTX_FORMAT " stack guard pages removed: "
2742     PTR_FORMAT "-" PTR_FORMAT ".",
2743     os::current_thread_id(), p2i(low_addr), p2i(low_addr + len));
2744 }
2745 
2746 void JavaThread::enable_stack_reserved_zone() {
2747   assert(_stack_guard_state == stack_guard_reserved_disabled, "inconsistent state");
2748 
2749   // The base notation is from the stack's point of view, growing downward.
2750   // We need to adjust it to work correctly with guard_memory()
2751   address base = stack_reserved_zone_base() - stack_reserved_zone_size();
2752 
2753   guarantee(base < stack_base(),"Error calculating stack reserved zone");
2754   guarantee(base < os::current_stack_pointer(),"Error calculating stack reserved zone");
2755 
2756   if (os::guard_memory((char *) base, stack_reserved_zone_size())) {
2757     _stack_guard_state = stack_guard_enabled;
2758   } else {
2759     warning("Attempt to guard stack reserved zone failed.");
2760   }
2761   enable_register_stack_guard();
2762 }
2763 
2764 void JavaThread::disable_stack_reserved_zone() {
2765   assert(_stack_guard_state == stack_guard_enabled, "inconsistent state");
2766 
2767   // Simply return if called for a thread that does not use guard pages.
2768   if (_stack_guard_state != stack_guard_enabled) return;
2769 
2770   // The base notation is from the stack's point of view, growing downward.
2771   // We need to adjust it to work correctly with guard_memory()
2772   address base = stack_reserved_zone_base() - stack_reserved_zone_size();
2773 
2774   if (os::unguard_memory((char *)base, stack_reserved_zone_size())) {
2775     _stack_guard_state = stack_guard_reserved_disabled;
2776   } else {
2777     warning("Attempt to unguard stack reserved zone failed.");
2778   }
2779   disable_register_stack_guard();
2780 }
2781 
2782 void JavaThread::enable_stack_yellow_reserved_zone() {
2783   assert(_stack_guard_state != stack_guard_unused, "must be using guard pages.");
2784   assert(_stack_guard_state != stack_guard_enabled, "already enabled");
2785 
2786   // The base notation is from the stacks point of view, growing downward.
2787   // We need to adjust it to work correctly with guard_memory()
2788   address base = stack_red_zone_base();
2789 
2790   guarantee(base < stack_base(), "Error calculating stack yellow zone");
2791   guarantee(base < os::current_stack_pointer(), "Error calculating stack yellow zone");
2792 
2793   if (os::guard_memory((char *) base, stack_yellow_reserved_zone_size())) {
2794     _stack_guard_state = stack_guard_enabled;
2795   } else {
2796     warning("Attempt to guard stack yellow zone failed.");
2797   }
2798   enable_register_stack_guard();
2799 }
2800 
2801 void JavaThread::disable_stack_yellow_reserved_zone() {
2802   assert(_stack_guard_state != stack_guard_unused, "must be using guard pages.");
2803   assert(_stack_guard_state != stack_guard_yellow_reserved_disabled, "already disabled");
2804 
2805   // Simply return if called for a thread that does not use guard pages.
2806   if (_stack_guard_state == stack_guard_unused) return;
2807 
2808   // The base notation is from the stacks point of view, growing downward.
2809   // We need to adjust it to work correctly with guard_memory()
2810   address base = stack_red_zone_base();
2811 
2812   if (os::unguard_memory((char *)base, stack_yellow_reserved_zone_size())) {
2813     _stack_guard_state = stack_guard_yellow_reserved_disabled;
2814   } else {
2815     warning("Attempt to unguard stack yellow zone failed.");
2816   }
2817   disable_register_stack_guard();
2818 }
2819 
2820 void JavaThread::enable_stack_red_zone() {
2821   // The base notation is from the stacks point of view, growing downward.
2822   // We need to adjust it to work correctly with guard_memory()
2823   assert(_stack_guard_state != stack_guard_unused, "must be using guard pages.");
2824   address base = stack_red_zone_base() - stack_red_zone_size();
2825 
2826   guarantee(base < stack_base(), "Error calculating stack red zone");
2827   guarantee(base < os::current_stack_pointer(), "Error calculating stack red zone");
2828 
2829   if (!os::guard_memory((char *) base, stack_red_zone_size())) {
2830     warning("Attempt to guard stack red zone failed.");
2831   }
2832 }
2833 
2834 void JavaThread::disable_stack_red_zone() {
2835   // The base notation is from the stacks point of view, growing downward.
2836   // We need to adjust it to work correctly with guard_memory()
2837   assert(_stack_guard_state != stack_guard_unused, "must be using guard pages.");
2838   address base = stack_red_zone_base() - stack_red_zone_size();
2839   if (!os::unguard_memory((char *)base, stack_red_zone_size())) {
2840     warning("Attempt to unguard stack red zone failed.");
2841   }
2842 }
2843 
2844 void JavaThread::frames_do(void f(frame*, const RegisterMap* map)) {
2845   // ignore is there is no stack
2846   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) return;
2847   // Because this method is used to verify oops, it must support
2848   // oops in buffered values
2849 
2850   // traverse the stack frames. Starts from top frame.
2851   for (StackFrameStream fst(this); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
2852     frame* fr = fst.current();
2853     f(fr, fst.register_map());
2854   }
2855 }
2856 
2857 
2858 #ifndef PRODUCT
2859 // Deoptimization
2860 // Function for testing deoptimization
2861 void JavaThread::deoptimize() {
2862   StackFrameStream fst(this, false);
2863   bool deopt = false;           // Dump stack only if a deopt actually happens.
2864   bool only_at = strlen(DeoptimizeOnlyAt) > 0;
2865   // Iterate over all frames in the thread and deoptimize
2866   for (; !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
2867     if (fst.current()->can_be_deoptimized()) {
2868 
2869       if (only_at) {
2870         // Deoptimize only at particular bcis.  DeoptimizeOnlyAt
2871         // consists of comma or carriage return separated numbers so
2872         // search for the current bci in that string.
2873         address pc = fst.current()->pc();
2874         nmethod* nm =  (nmethod*) fst.current()->cb();
2875         ScopeDesc* sd = nm->scope_desc_at(pc);
2876         char buffer[8];
2877         jio_snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%d", sd->bci());
2878         size_t len = strlen(buffer);
2879         const char * found = strstr(DeoptimizeOnlyAt, buffer);
2880         while (found != NULL) {
2881           if ((found[len] == ',' || found[len] == '\n' || found[len] == '\0') &&
2882               (found == DeoptimizeOnlyAt || found[-1] == ',' || found[-1] == '\n')) {
2883             // Check that the bci found is bracketed by terminators.
2884             break;
2885           }
2886           found = strstr(found + 1, buffer);
2887         }
2888         if (!found) {
2889           continue;
2890         }
2891       }
2892 
2893       if (DebugDeoptimization && !deopt) {
2894         deopt = true; // One-time only print before deopt
2895         tty->print_cr("[BEFORE Deoptimization]");
2896         trace_frames();
2897         trace_stack();
2898       }
2899       Deoptimization::deoptimize(this, *fst.current());
2900     }
2901   }
2902 
2903   if (DebugDeoptimization && deopt) {
2904     tty->print_cr("[AFTER Deoptimization]");
2905     trace_frames();
2906   }
2907 }
2908 
2909 
2910 // Make zombies
2911 void JavaThread::make_zombies() {
2912   for (StackFrameStream fst(this); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
2913     if (fst.current()->can_be_deoptimized()) {
2914       // it is a Java nmethod
2915       nmethod* nm = CodeCache::find_nmethod(fst.current()->pc());
2916       nm->make_not_entrant();
2917     }
2918   }
2919 }
2920 #endif // PRODUCT
2921 
2922 
2923 void JavaThread::deoptimize_marked_methods() {
2924   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) return;
2925   StackFrameStream fst(this, false);
2926   for (; !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
2927     if (fst.current()->should_be_deoptimized()) {
2928       Deoptimization::deoptimize(this, *fst.current());
2929     }
2930   }
2931 }
2932 
2933 // If the caller is a NamedThread, then remember, in the current scope,
2934 // the given JavaThread in its _processed_thread field.
2935 class RememberProcessedThread: public StackObj {
2936   NamedThread* _cur_thr;
2937  public:
2938   RememberProcessedThread(JavaThread* jthr) {
2939     Thread* thread = Thread::current();
2940     if (thread->is_Named_thread()) {
2941       _cur_thr = (NamedThread *)thread;
2942       _cur_thr->set_processed_thread(jthr);
2943     } else {
2944       _cur_thr = NULL;
2945     }
2946   }
2947 
2948   ~RememberProcessedThread() {
2949     if (_cur_thr) {
2950       _cur_thr->set_processed_thread(NULL);
2951     }
2952   }
2953 };
2954 
2955 void JavaThread::oops_do(OopClosure* f, CodeBlobClosure* cf) {
2956   // Verify that the deferred card marks have been flushed.
2957   assert(deferred_card_mark().is_empty(), "Should be empty during GC");
2958 
2959   // Traverse the GCHandles
2960   Thread::oops_do(f, cf);
2961 
2962   assert((!has_last_Java_frame() && java_call_counter() == 0) ||
2963          (has_last_Java_frame() && java_call_counter() > 0), "wrong java_sp info!");
2964 
2965   if (has_last_Java_frame()) {
2966     // Record JavaThread to GC thread
2967     RememberProcessedThread rpt(this);
2968 
2969     // traverse the registered growable array
2970     if (_array_for_gc != NULL) {
2971       for (int index = 0; index < _array_for_gc->length(); index++) {
2972         f->do_oop(_array_for_gc->adr_at(index));
2973       }
2974     }
2975 
2976     // Traverse the monitor chunks
2977     for (MonitorChunk* chunk = monitor_chunks(); chunk != NULL; chunk = chunk->next()) {
2978       chunk->oops_do(f);
2979     }
2980 
2981     // Traverse the execution stack
2982     for (StackFrameStream fst(this); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
2983       fst.current()->oops_do(f, cf, fst.register_map());
2984     }
2985   }
2986 
2987   assert(vframe_array_head() == NULL, "deopt in progress at a safepoint!");
2988   // If we have deferred set_locals there might be oops waiting to be
2989   // written
2990   GrowableArray<jvmtiDeferredLocalVariableSet*>* list = deferred_locals();
2991   if (list != NULL) {
2992     for (int i = 0; i < list->length(); i++) {
2993       list->at(i)->oops_do(f);
2994     }
2995   }
2996 
2997   // Traverse instance variables at the end since the GC may be moving things
2998   // around using this function
2999   f->do_oop((oop*) &_threadObj);
3000   f->do_oop((oop*) &_vm_result);
3001   f->do_oop((oop*) &_exception_oop);
3002   f->do_oop((oop*) &_pending_async_exception);
3003 
3004   if (jvmti_thread_state() != NULL) {
3005     jvmti_thread_state()->oops_do(f, cf);
3006   }
3007 }
3008 
3009 #ifdef ASSERT
3010 void JavaThread::verify_states_for_handshake() {
3011   // This checks that the thread has a correct frame state during a handshake.
3012   assert((!has_last_Java_frame() && java_call_counter() == 0) ||
3013          (has_last_Java_frame() && java_call_counter() > 0),
3014          "unexpected frame info: has_last_frame=%d, java_call_counter=%d",
3015          has_last_Java_frame(), java_call_counter());
3016 }
3017 #endif
3018 
3019 void JavaThread::nmethods_do(CodeBlobClosure* cf) {
3020   assert((!has_last_Java_frame() && java_call_counter() == 0) ||
3021          (has_last_Java_frame() && java_call_counter() > 0),
3022          "unexpected frame info: has_last_frame=%d, java_call_counter=%d",
3023          has_last_Java_frame(), java_call_counter());
3024 
3025   if (has_last_Java_frame()) {
3026     // Traverse the execution stack
3027     for (StackFrameStream fst(this); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
3028       fst.current()->nmethods_do(cf);
3029     }
3030   }
3031 
3032   if (jvmti_thread_state() != NULL) {
3033     jvmti_thread_state()->nmethods_do(cf);
3034   }
3035 }
3036 
3037 void JavaThread::metadata_do(MetadataClosure* f) {
3038   if (has_last_Java_frame()) {
3039     // Traverse the execution stack to call f() on the methods in the stack
3040     for (StackFrameStream fst(this); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
3041       fst.current()->metadata_do(f);
3042     }
3043   } else if (is_Compiler_thread()) {
3044     // need to walk ciMetadata in current compile tasks to keep alive.
3045     CompilerThread* ct = (CompilerThread*)this;
3046     if (ct->env() != NULL) {
3047       ct->env()->metadata_do(f);
3048     }
3049     CompileTask* task = ct->task();
3050     if (task != NULL) {
3051       task->metadata_do(f);
3052     }
3053   }
3054 }
3055 
3056 // Printing
3057 const char* _get_thread_state_name(JavaThreadState _thread_state) {
3058   switch (_thread_state) {
3059   case _thread_uninitialized:     return "_thread_uninitialized";
3060   case _thread_new:               return "_thread_new";
3061   case _thread_new_trans:         return "_thread_new_trans";
3062   case _thread_in_native:         return "_thread_in_native";
3063   case _thread_in_native_trans:   return "_thread_in_native_trans";
3064   case _thread_in_vm:             return "_thread_in_vm";
3065   case _thread_in_vm_trans:       return "_thread_in_vm_trans";
3066   case _thread_in_Java:           return "_thread_in_Java";
3067   case _thread_in_Java_trans:     return "_thread_in_Java_trans";
3068   case _thread_blocked:           return "_thread_blocked";
3069   case _thread_blocked_trans:     return "_thread_blocked_trans";
3070   default:                        return "unknown thread state";
3071   }
3072 }
3073 
3074 #ifndef PRODUCT
3075 void JavaThread::print_thread_state_on(outputStream *st) const {
3076   st->print_cr("   JavaThread state: %s", _get_thread_state_name(_thread_state));
3077 };
3078 #endif // PRODUCT
3079 
3080 // Called by Threads::print() for VM_PrintThreads operation
3081 void JavaThread::print_on(outputStream *st, bool print_extended_info) const {
3082   st->print_raw("\"");
3083   st->print_raw(get_thread_name());
3084   st->print_raw("\" ");
3085   oop thread_oop = threadObj();
3086   if (thread_oop != NULL) {
3087     st->print("#" INT64_FORMAT " ", (int64_t)java_lang_Thread::thread_id(thread_oop));
3088     if (java_lang_Thread::is_daemon(thread_oop))  st->print("daemon ");
3089     st->print("prio=%d ", java_lang_Thread::priority(thread_oop));
3090   }
3091   Thread::print_on(st, print_extended_info);
3092   // print guess for valid stack memory region (assume 4K pages); helps lock debugging
3093   st->print_cr("[" INTPTR_FORMAT "]", (intptr_t)last_Java_sp() & ~right_n_bits(12));
3094   if (thread_oop != NULL) {
3095     st->print_cr("   java.lang.Thread.State: %s", java_lang_Thread::thread_status_name(thread_oop));
3096   }
3097 #ifndef PRODUCT
3098   _safepoint_state->print_on(st);
3099 #endif // PRODUCT
3100   if (is_Compiler_thread()) {
3101     CompileTask *task = ((CompilerThread*)this)->task();
3102     if (task != NULL) {
3103       st->print("   Compiling: ");
3104       task->print(st, NULL, true, false);
3105     } else {
3106       st->print("   No compile task");
3107     }
3108     st->cr();
3109   }
3110 }
3111 
3112 void JavaThread::print() const { print_on(tty); }
3113 
3114 void JavaThread::print_name_on_error(outputStream* st, char *buf, int buflen) const {
3115   st->print("%s", get_thread_name_string(buf, buflen));
3116 }
3117 
3118 // Called by fatal error handler. The difference between this and
3119 // JavaThread::print() is that we can't grab lock or allocate memory.
3120 void JavaThread::print_on_error(outputStream* st, char *buf, int buflen) const {
3121   st->print("JavaThread \"%s\"", get_thread_name_string(buf, buflen));
3122   oop thread_obj = threadObj();
3123   if (thread_obj != NULL) {
3124     if (java_lang_Thread::is_daemon(thread_obj)) st->print(" daemon");
3125   }
3126   st->print(" [");
3127   st->print("%s", _get_thread_state_name(_thread_state));
3128   if (osthread()) {
3129     st->print(", id=%d", osthread()->thread_id());
3130   }
3131   st->print(", stack(" PTR_FORMAT "," PTR_FORMAT ")",
3132             p2i(stack_end()), p2i(stack_base()));
3133   st->print("]");
3134 
3135   ThreadsSMRSupport::print_info_on(this, st);
3136   return;
3137 }
3138 
3139 // Verification
3140 
3141 static void frame_verify(frame* f, const RegisterMap *map) { f->verify(map); }
3142 
3143 void JavaThread::verify() {
3144   // Verify oops in the thread.
3145   oops_do(&VerifyOopClosure::verify_oop, NULL);
3146 
3147   // Verify the stack frames.
3148   frames_do(frame_verify);
3149 }
3150 
3151 // CR 6300358 (sub-CR 2137150)
3152 // Most callers of this method assume that it can't return NULL but a
3153 // thread may not have a name whilst it is in the process of attaching to
3154 // the VM - see CR 6412693, and there are places where a JavaThread can be
3155 // seen prior to having it's threadObj set (eg JNI attaching threads and
3156 // if vm exit occurs during initialization). These cases can all be accounted
3157 // for such that this method never returns NULL.
3158 const char* JavaThread::get_thread_name() const {
3159 #ifdef ASSERT
3160   // early safepoints can hit while current thread does not yet have TLS
3161   if (!SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint()) {
3162     Thread *cur = Thread::current();
3163     if (!(cur->is_Java_thread() && cur == this)) {
3164       // Current JavaThreads are allowed to get their own name without
3165       // the Threads_lock.
3166       assert_locked_or_safepoint_or_handshake(Threads_lock, this);
3167     }
3168   }
3169 #endif // ASSERT
3170   return get_thread_name_string();
3171 }
3172 
3173 // Returns a non-NULL representation of this thread's name, or a suitable
3174 // descriptive string if there is no set name
3175 const char* JavaThread::get_thread_name_string(char* buf, int buflen) const {
3176   const char* name_str;
3177   oop thread_obj = threadObj();
3178   if (thread_obj != NULL) {
3179     oop name = java_lang_Thread::name(thread_obj);
3180     if (name != NULL) {
3181       if (buf == NULL) {
3182         name_str = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(name);
3183       } else {
3184         name_str = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(name, buf, buflen);
3185       }
3186     } else if (is_attaching_via_jni()) { // workaround for 6412693 - see 6404306
3187       name_str = "<no-name - thread is attaching>";
3188     } else {
3189       name_str = Thread::name();
3190     }
3191   } else {
3192     name_str = Thread::name();
3193   }
3194   assert(name_str != NULL, "unexpected NULL thread name");
3195   return name_str;
3196 }
3197 
3198 void JavaThread::prepare(jobject jni_thread, ThreadPriority prio) {
3199 
3200   assert(Threads_lock->owner() == Thread::current(), "must have threads lock");
3201   assert(NoPriority <= prio && prio <= MaxPriority, "sanity check");
3202   // Link Java Thread object <-> C++ Thread
3203 
3204   // Get the C++ thread object (an oop) from the JNI handle (a jthread)
3205   // and put it into a new Handle.  The Handle "thread_oop" can then
3206   // be used to pass the C++ thread object to other methods.
3207 
3208   // Set the Java level thread object (jthread) field of the
3209   // new thread (a JavaThread *) to C++ thread object using the
3210   // "thread_oop" handle.
3211 
3212   // Set the thread field (a JavaThread *) of the
3213   // oop representing the java_lang_Thread to the new thread (a JavaThread *).
3214 
3215   Handle thread_oop(Thread::current(),
3216                     JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jni_thread));
3217   assert(InstanceKlass::cast(thread_oop->klass())->is_linked(),
3218          "must be initialized");
3219   set_threadObj(thread_oop());
3220   java_lang_Thread::set_thread(thread_oop(), this);
3221 
3222   if (prio == NoPriority) {
3223     prio = java_lang_Thread::priority(thread_oop());
3224     assert(prio != NoPriority, "A valid priority should be present");
3225   }
3226 
3227   // Push the Java priority down to the native thread; needs Threads_lock
3228   Thread::set_priority(this, prio);
3229 
3230   // Add the new thread to the Threads list and set it in motion.
3231   // We must have threads lock in order to call Threads::add.
3232   // It is crucial that we do not block before the thread is
3233   // added to the Threads list for if a GC happens, then the java_thread oop
3234   // will not be visited by GC.
3235   Threads::add(this);
3236 }
3237 
3238 oop JavaThread::current_park_blocker() {
3239   // Support for JSR-166 locks
3240   oop thread_oop = threadObj();
3241   if (thread_oop != NULL) {
3242     return java_lang_Thread::park_blocker(thread_oop);
3243   }
3244   return NULL;
3245 }
3246 
3247 
3248 void JavaThread::print_stack_on(outputStream* st) {
3249   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) return;
3250   ResourceMark rm;
3251   HandleMark   hm;
3252 
3253   RegisterMap reg_map(this);
3254   vframe* start_vf = last_java_vframe(&reg_map);
3255   int count = 0;
3256   for (vframe* f = start_vf; f != NULL; f = f->sender()) {
3257     if (f->is_java_frame()) {
3258       javaVFrame* jvf = javaVFrame::cast(f);
3259       java_lang_Throwable::print_stack_element(st, jvf->method(), jvf->bci());
3260 
3261       // Print out lock information
3262       if (JavaMonitorsInStackTrace) {
3263         jvf->print_lock_info_on(st, count);
3264       }
3265     } else {
3266       // Ignore non-Java frames
3267     }
3268 
3269     // Bail-out case for too deep stacks if MaxJavaStackTraceDepth > 0
3270     count++;
3271     if (MaxJavaStackTraceDepth > 0 && MaxJavaStackTraceDepth == count) return;
3272   }
3273 }
3274 
3275 
3276 // JVMTI PopFrame support
3277 void JavaThread::popframe_preserve_args(ByteSize size_in_bytes, void* start) {
3278   assert(_popframe_preserved_args == NULL, "should not wipe out old PopFrame preserved arguments");
3279   if (in_bytes(size_in_bytes) != 0) {
3280     _popframe_preserved_args = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, in_bytes(size_in_bytes), mtThread);
3281     _popframe_preserved_args_size = in_bytes(size_in_bytes);
3282     Copy::conjoint_jbytes(start, _popframe_preserved_args, _popframe_preserved_args_size);
3283   }
3284 }
3285 
3286 void* JavaThread::popframe_preserved_args() {
3287   return _popframe_preserved_args;
3288 }
3289 
3290 ByteSize JavaThread::popframe_preserved_args_size() {
3291   return in_ByteSize(_popframe_preserved_args_size);
3292 }
3293 
3294 WordSize JavaThread::popframe_preserved_args_size_in_words() {
3295   int sz = in_bytes(popframe_preserved_args_size());
3296   assert(sz % wordSize == 0, "argument size must be multiple of wordSize");
3297   return in_WordSize(sz / wordSize);
3298 }
3299 
3300 void JavaThread::popframe_free_preserved_args() {
3301   assert(_popframe_preserved_args != NULL, "should not free PopFrame preserved arguments twice");
3302   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, (char*)_popframe_preserved_args);
3303   _popframe_preserved_args = NULL;
3304   _popframe_preserved_args_size = 0;
3305 }
3306 
3307 #ifndef PRODUCT
3308 
3309 void JavaThread::trace_frames() {
3310   tty->print_cr("[Describe stack]");
3311   int frame_no = 1;
3312   for (StackFrameStream fst(this); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
3313     tty->print("  %d. ", frame_no++);
3314     fst.current()->print_value_on(tty, this);
3315     tty->cr();
3316   }
3317 }
3318 
3319 class PrintAndVerifyOopClosure: public OopClosure {
3320  protected:
3321   template <class T> inline void do_oop_work(T* p) {
3322     oop obj = RawAccess<>::oop_load(p);
3323     if (obj == NULL) return;
3324     tty->print(INTPTR_FORMAT ": ", p2i(p));
3325     if (oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(obj)) {
3326       if (obj->is_objArray()) {
3327         tty->print_cr("valid objArray: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(obj));
3328       } else {
3329         obj->print();
3330       }
3331     } else {
3332       tty->print_cr("invalid oop: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(obj));
3333     }
3334     tty->cr();
3335   }
3336  public:
3337   virtual void do_oop(oop* p) { do_oop_work(p); }
3338   virtual void do_oop(narrowOop* p)  { do_oop_work(p); }
3339 };
3340 
3341 #ifdef ASSERT
3342 // Print or validate the layout of stack frames
3343 void JavaThread::print_frame_layout(int depth, bool validate_only) {
3344   ResourceMark rm;
3345   PRESERVE_EXCEPTION_MARK;
3346   FrameValues values;
3347   int frame_no = 0;
3348   for (StackFrameStream fst(this, false); !fst.is_done(); fst.next()) {
3349     fst.current()->describe(values, ++frame_no);
3350     if (depth == frame_no) break;
3351   }
3352   if (validate_only) {
3353     values.validate();
3354   } else {
3355     tty->print_cr("[Describe stack layout]");
3356     values.print(this);
3357   }
3358 }
3359 #endif
3360 
3361 void JavaThread::trace_stack_from(vframe* start_vf) {
3362   ResourceMark rm;
3363   int vframe_no = 1;
3364   for (vframe* f = start_vf; f; f = f->sender()) {
3365     if (f->is_java_frame()) {
3366       javaVFrame::cast(f)->print_activation(vframe_no++);
3367     } else {
3368       f->print();
3369     }
3370     if (vframe_no > StackPrintLimit) {
3371       tty->print_cr("...<more frames>...");
3372       return;
3373     }
3374   }
3375 }
3376 
3377 
3378 void JavaThread::trace_stack() {
3379   if (!has_last_Java_frame()) return;
3380   ResourceMark rm;
3381   HandleMark   hm;
3382   RegisterMap reg_map(this);
3383   trace_stack_from(last_java_vframe(&reg_map));
3384 }
3385 
3386 
3387 #endif // PRODUCT
3388 
3389 
3390 javaVFrame* JavaThread::last_java_vframe(RegisterMap *reg_map) {
3391   assert(reg_map != NULL, "a map must be given");
3392   frame f = last_frame();
3393   for (vframe* vf = vframe::new_vframe(&f, reg_map, this); vf; vf = vf->sender()) {
3394     if (vf->is_java_frame()) return javaVFrame::cast(vf);
3395   }
3396   return NULL;
3397 }
3398 
3399 
3400 Klass* JavaThread::security_get_caller_class(int depth) {
3401   vframeStream vfst(this);
3402   vfst.security_get_caller_frame(depth);
3403   if (!vfst.at_end()) {
3404     return vfst.method()->method_holder();
3405   }
3406   return NULL;
3407 }
3408 
3409 // java.lang.Thread.sleep support
3410 // Returns true if sleep time elapsed as expected, and false
3411 // if the thread was interrupted.
3412 bool JavaThread::sleep(jlong millis) {
3413   assert(this == Thread::current(),  "thread consistency check");
3414 
3415   ParkEvent * const slp = this->_SleepEvent;
3416   // Because there can be races with thread interruption sending an unpark()
3417   // to the event, we explicitly reset it here to avoid an immediate return.
3418   // The actual interrupt state will be checked before we park().
3419   slp->reset();
3420   // Thread interruption establishes a happens-before ordering in the
3421   // Java Memory Model, so we need to ensure we synchronize with the
3422   // interrupt state.
3423   OrderAccess::fence();
3424 
3425   jlong prevtime = os::javaTimeNanos();
3426 
3427   for (;;) {
3428     // interruption has precedence over timing out
3429     if (this->is_interrupted(true)) {
3430       return false;
3431     }
3432 
3433     if (millis <= 0) {
3434       return true;
3435     }
3436 
3437     {
3438       ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(this);
3439       OSThreadWaitState osts(this->osthread(), false /* not Object.wait() */);
3440 
3441       this->set_suspend_equivalent();
3442       // cleared by handle_special_suspend_equivalent_condition() or
3443       // java_suspend_self() via check_and_wait_while_suspended()
3444 
3445       slp->park(millis);
3446 
3447       // were we externally suspended while we were waiting?
3448       this->check_and_wait_while_suspended();
3449     }
3450 
3451     // Update elapsed time tracking
3452     jlong newtime = os::javaTimeNanos();
3453     if (newtime - prevtime < 0) {
3454       // time moving backwards, should only happen if no monotonic clock
3455       // not a guarantee() because JVM should not abort on kernel/glibc bugs
3456       assert(!os::supports_monotonic_clock(),
3457              "unexpected time moving backwards detected in JavaThread::sleep()");
3458     } else {
3459       millis -= (newtime - prevtime) / NANOSECS_PER_MILLISEC;
3460     }
3461     prevtime = newtime;
3462   }
3463 }
3464 
3465 static void compiler_thread_entry(JavaThread* thread, TRAPS) {
3466   assert(thread->is_Compiler_thread(), "must be compiler thread");
3467   CompileBroker::compiler_thread_loop();
3468 }
3469 
3470 static void sweeper_thread_entry(JavaThread* thread, TRAPS) {
3471   NMethodSweeper::sweeper_loop();
3472 }
3473 
3474 // Create a CompilerThread
3475 CompilerThread::CompilerThread(CompileQueue* queue,
3476                                CompilerCounters* counters)
3477                                : JavaThread(&compiler_thread_entry) {
3478   _env   = NULL;
3479   _log   = NULL;
3480   _task  = NULL;
3481   _queue = queue;
3482   _counters = counters;
3483   _buffer_blob = NULL;
3484   _compiler = NULL;
3485 
3486   // Compiler uses resource area for compilation, let's bias it to mtCompiler
3487   resource_area()->bias_to(mtCompiler);
3488 
3489 #ifndef PRODUCT
3490   _ideal_graph_printer = NULL;
3491 #endif
3492 }
3493 
3494 CompilerThread::~CompilerThread() {
3495   // Delete objects which were allocated on heap.
3496   delete _counters;
3497 }
3498 
3499 bool CompilerThread::can_call_java() const {
3500   return _compiler != NULL && _compiler->is_jvmci();
3501 }
3502 
3503 // Create sweeper thread
3504 CodeCacheSweeperThread::CodeCacheSweeperThread()
3505 : JavaThread(&sweeper_thread_entry) {
3506   _scanned_compiled_method = NULL;
3507 }
3508 
3509 void CodeCacheSweeperThread::oops_do(OopClosure* f, CodeBlobClosure* cf) {
3510   JavaThread::oops_do(f, cf);
3511   if (_scanned_compiled_method != NULL && cf != NULL) {
3512     // Safepoints can occur when the sweeper is scanning an nmethod so
3513     // process it here to make sure it isn't unloaded in the middle of
3514     // a scan.
3515     cf->do_code_blob(_scanned_compiled_method);
3516   }
3517 }
3518 
3519 void CodeCacheSweeperThread::nmethods_do(CodeBlobClosure* cf) {
3520   JavaThread::nmethods_do(cf);
3521   if (_scanned_compiled_method != NULL && cf != NULL) {
3522     // Safepoints can occur when the sweeper is scanning an nmethod so
3523     // process it here to make sure it isn't unloaded in the middle of
3524     // a scan.
3525     cf->do_code_blob(_scanned_compiled_method);
3526   }
3527 }
3528 
3529 
3530 // ======= Threads ========
3531 
3532 // The Threads class links together all active threads, and provides
3533 // operations over all threads. It is protected by the Threads_lock,
3534 // which is also used in other global contexts like safepointing.
3535 // ThreadsListHandles are used to safely perform operations on one
3536 // or more threads without the risk of the thread exiting during the
3537 // operation.
3538 //
3539 // Note: The Threads_lock is currently more widely used than we
3540 // would like. We are actively migrating Threads_lock uses to other
3541 // mechanisms in order to reduce Threads_lock contention.
3542 
3543 int         Threads::_number_of_threads = 0;
3544 int         Threads::_number_of_non_daemon_threads = 0;
3545 int         Threads::_return_code = 0;
3546 uintx       Threads::_thread_claim_token = 1; // Never zero.
3547 size_t      JavaThread::_stack_size_at_create = 0;
3548 
3549 #ifdef ASSERT
3550 bool        Threads::_vm_complete = false;
3551 #endif
3552 
3553 static inline void *prefetch_and_load_ptr(void **addr, intx prefetch_interval) {
3554   Prefetch::read((void*)addr, prefetch_interval);
3555   return *addr;
3556 }
3557 
3558 // Possibly the ugliest for loop the world has seen. C++ does not allow
3559 // multiple types in the declaration section of the for loop. In this case
3560 // we are only dealing with pointers and hence can cast them. It looks ugly
3561 // but macros are ugly and therefore it's fine to make things absurdly ugly.
3562 #define DO_JAVA_THREADS(LIST, X)                                                                                          \
3563     for (JavaThread *MACRO_scan_interval = (JavaThread*)(uintptr_t)PrefetchScanIntervalInBytes,                           \
3564              *MACRO_list = (JavaThread*)(LIST),                                                                           \
3565              **MACRO_end = ((JavaThread**)((ThreadsList*)MACRO_list)->threads()) + ((ThreadsList*)MACRO_list)->length(),  \
3566              **MACRO_current_p = (JavaThread**)((ThreadsList*)MACRO_list)->threads(),                                     \
3567              *X = (JavaThread*)prefetch_and_load_ptr((void**)MACRO_current_p, (intx)MACRO_scan_interval);                 \
3568          MACRO_current_p != MACRO_end;                                                                                    \
3569          MACRO_current_p++,                                                                                               \
3570              X = (JavaThread*)prefetch_and_load_ptr((void**)MACRO_current_p, (intx)MACRO_scan_interval))
3571 
3572 // All JavaThreads
3573 #define ALL_JAVA_THREADS(X) DO_JAVA_THREADS(ThreadsSMRSupport::get_java_thread_list(), X)
3574 
3575 // All NonJavaThreads (i.e., every non-JavaThread in the system).
3576 void Threads::non_java_threads_do(ThreadClosure* tc) {
3577   NoSafepointVerifier nsv;
3578   for (NonJavaThread::Iterator njti; !njti.end(); njti.step()) {
3579     tc->do_thread(njti.current());
3580   }
3581 }
3582 
3583 // All JavaThreads
3584 void Threads::java_threads_do(ThreadClosure* tc) {
3585   assert_locked_or_safepoint(Threads_lock);
3586   // ALL_JAVA_THREADS iterates through all JavaThreads.
3587   ALL_JAVA_THREADS(p) {
3588     tc->do_thread(p);
3589   }
3590 }
3591 
3592 void Threads::java_threads_and_vm_thread_do(ThreadClosure* tc) {
3593   assert_locked_or_safepoint(Threads_lock);
3594   java_threads_do(tc);
3595   tc->do_thread(VMThread::vm_thread());
3596 }
3597 
3598 // All JavaThreads + all non-JavaThreads (i.e., every thread in the system).
3599 void Threads::threads_do(ThreadClosure* tc) {
3600   assert_locked_or_safepoint(Threads_lock);
3601   java_threads_do(tc);
3602   non_java_threads_do(tc);
3603 }
3604 
3605 void Threads::possibly_parallel_threads_do(bool is_par, ThreadClosure* tc) {
3606   uintx claim_token = Threads::thread_claim_token();
3607   ALL_JAVA_THREADS(p) {
3608     if (p->claim_threads_do(is_par, claim_token)) {
3609       tc->do_thread(p);
3610     }
3611   }
3612   VMThread* vmt = VMThread::vm_thread();
3613   if (vmt->claim_threads_do(is_par, claim_token)) {
3614     tc->do_thread(vmt);
3615   }
3616 }
3617 
3618 // The system initialization in the library has three phases.
3619 //
3620 // Phase 1: java.lang.System class initialization
3621 //     java.lang.System is a primordial class loaded and initialized
3622 //     by the VM early during startup.  java.lang.System.<clinit>
3623 //     only does registerNatives and keeps the rest of the class
3624 //     initialization work later until thread initialization completes.
3625 //
3626 //     System.initPhase1 initializes the system properties, the static
3627 //     fields in, out, and err. Set up java signal handlers, OS-specific
3628 //     system settings, and thread group of the main thread.
3629 static void call_initPhase1(TRAPS) {
3630   Klass* klass = SystemDictionary::System_klass();
3631   JavaValue result(T_VOID);
3632   JavaCalls::call_static(&result, klass, vmSymbols::initPhase1_name(),
3633                                          vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), CHECK);
3634 }
3635 
3636 // Phase 2. Module system initialization
3637 //     This will initialize the module system.  Only java.base classes
3638 //     can be loaded until phase 2 completes.
3639 //
3640 //     Call System.initPhase2 after the compiler initialization and jsr292
3641 //     classes get initialized because module initialization runs a lot of java
3642 //     code, that for performance reasons, should be compiled.  Also, this will
3643 //     enable the startup code to use lambda and other language features in this
3644 //     phase and onward.
3645 //
3646 //     After phase 2, The VM will begin search classes from -Xbootclasspath/a.
3647 static void call_initPhase2(TRAPS) {
3648   TraceTime timer("Initialize module system", TRACETIME_LOG(Info, startuptime));
3649 
3650   Klass* klass = SystemDictionary::System_klass();
3651 
3652   JavaValue result(T_INT);
3653   JavaCallArguments args;
3654   args.push_int(DisplayVMOutputToStderr);
3655   args.push_int(log_is_enabled(Debug, init)); // print stack trace if exception thrown
3656   JavaCalls::call_static(&result, klass, vmSymbols::initPhase2_name(),
3657                                          vmSymbols::boolean_boolean_int_signature(), &args, CHECK);
3658   if (result.get_jint() != JNI_OK) {
3659     vm_exit_during_initialization(); // no message or exception
3660   }
3661 
3662   universe_post_module_init();
3663 }
3664 
3665 // Phase 3. final setup - set security manager, system class loader and TCCL
3666 //
3667 //     This will instantiate and set the security manager, set the system class
3668 //     loader as well as the thread context class loader.  The security manager
3669 //     and system class loader may be a custom class loaded from -Xbootclasspath/a,
3670 //     other modules or the application's classpath.
3671 static void call_initPhase3(TRAPS) {
3672   Klass* klass = SystemDictionary::System_klass();
3673   JavaValue result(T_VOID);
3674   JavaCalls::call_static(&result, klass, vmSymbols::initPhase3_name(),
3675                                          vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), CHECK);
3676 }
3677 
3678 void Threads::initialize_java_lang_classes(JavaThread* main_thread, TRAPS) {
3679   TraceTime timer("Initialize java.lang classes", TRACETIME_LOG(Info, startuptime));
3680 
3681   if (EagerXrunInit && Arguments::init_libraries_at_startup()) {
3682     create_vm_init_libraries();
3683   }
3684 
3685   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_String(), CHECK);
3686 
3687   // Inject CompactStrings value after the static initializers for String ran.
3688   java_lang_String::set_compact_strings(CompactStrings);
3689 
3690   // Initialize java_lang.System (needed before creating the thread)
3691   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_System(), CHECK);
3692   // The VM creates & returns objects of this class. Make sure it's initialized.
3693   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_Class(), CHECK);
3694   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_ThreadGroup(), CHECK);
3695   Handle thread_group = create_initial_thread_group(CHECK);
3696   Universe::set_main_thread_group(thread_group());
3697   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_Thread(), CHECK);
3698   oop thread_object = create_initial_thread(thread_group, main_thread, CHECK);
3699   main_thread->set_threadObj(thread_object);
3700 
3701   // Set thread status to running since main thread has
3702   // been started and running.
3703   java_lang_Thread::set_thread_status(thread_object,
3704                                       java_lang_Thread::RUNNABLE);
3705 
3706   // The VM creates objects of this class.
3707   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_Module(), CHECK);
3708 
3709 #ifdef ASSERT
3710   InstanceKlass *k = SystemDictionary::UnsafeConstants_klass();
3711   assert(k->is_not_initialized(), "UnsafeConstants should not already be initialized");
3712 #endif
3713 
3714   // initialize the hardware-specific constants needed by Unsafe
3715   initialize_class(vmSymbols::jdk_internal_misc_UnsafeConstants(), CHECK);
3716   jdk_internal_misc_UnsafeConstants::set_unsafe_constants();
3717 
3718   // The VM preresolves methods to these classes. Make sure that they get initialized
3719   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_reflect_Method(), CHECK);
3720   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_ref_Finalizer(), CHECK);
3721 
3722   // Phase 1 of the system initialization in the library, java.lang.System class initialization
3723   call_initPhase1(CHECK);
3724 
3725   // get the Java runtime name, version, and vendor info after java.lang.System is initialized
3726   JDK_Version::set_runtime_name(get_java_runtime_name(THREAD));
3727   JDK_Version::set_runtime_version(get_java_runtime_version(THREAD));
3728   JDK_Version::set_runtime_vendor_version(get_java_runtime_vendor_version(THREAD));
3729   JDK_Version::set_runtime_vendor_vm_bug_url(get_java_runtime_vendor_vm_bug_url(THREAD));
3730 
3731   // an instance of OutOfMemory exception has been allocated earlier
3732   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError(), CHECK);
3733   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), CHECK);
3734   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassCastException(), CHECK);
3735   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException(), CHECK);
3736   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArithmeticException(), CHECK);
3737   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_StackOverflowError(), CHECK);
3738   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalMonitorStateException(), CHECK);
3739   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), CHECK);
3740 
3741   // Eager box cache initialization only if AOT is on and any library is loaded.
3742   AOTLoader::initialize_box_caches(CHECK);
3743 }
3744 
3745 void Threads::initialize_jsr292_core_classes(TRAPS) {
3746   TraceTime timer("Initialize java.lang.invoke classes", TRACETIME_LOG(Info, startuptime));
3747 
3748   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_invoke_MethodHandle(), CHECK);
3749   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_invoke_ResolvedMethodName(), CHECK);
3750   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_invoke_MemberName(), CHECK);
3751   initialize_class(vmSymbols::java_lang_invoke_MethodHandleNatives(), CHECK);
3752 }
3753 
3754 jint Threads::create_vm(JavaVMInitArgs* args, bool* canTryAgain) {
3755   extern void JDK_Version_init();
3756 
3757   // Preinitialize version info.
3758   VM_Version::early_initialize();
3759 
3760   // Check version
3761   if (!is_supported_jni_version(args->version)) return JNI_EVERSION;
3762 
3763   // Initialize library-based TLS
3764   ThreadLocalStorage::init();
3765 
3766   // Initialize the output stream module
3767   ostream_init();
3768 
3769   // Process java launcher properties.
3770   Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(args);
3771 
3772   // Initialize the os module
3773   os::init();
3774 
3775   // Record VM creation timing statistics
3776   TraceVmCreationTime create_vm_timer;
3777   create_vm_timer.start();
3778 
3779   // Initialize system properties.
3780   Arguments::init_system_properties();
3781 
3782   // So that JDK version can be used as a discriminator when parsing arguments
3783   JDK_Version_init();
3784 
3785   // Update/Initialize System properties after JDK version number is known
3786   Arguments::init_version_specific_system_properties();
3787 
3788   // Make sure to initialize log configuration *before* parsing arguments
3789   LogConfiguration::initialize(create_vm_timer.begin_time());
3790 
3791   // Parse arguments
3792   // Note: this internally calls os::init_container_support()
3793   jint parse_result = Arguments::parse(args);
3794   if (parse_result != JNI_OK) return parse_result;
3795 
3796   os::init_before_ergo();
3797 
3798   jint ergo_result = Arguments::apply_ergo();
3799   if (ergo_result != JNI_OK) return ergo_result;
3800 
3801   // Final check of all ranges after ergonomics which may change values.
3802   if (!JVMFlagRangeList::check_ranges()) {
3803     return JNI_EINVAL;
3804   }
3805 
3806   // Final check of all 'AfterErgo' constraints after ergonomics which may change values.
3807   bool constraint_result = JVMFlagConstraintList::check_constraints(JVMFlagConstraint::AfterErgo);
3808   if (!constraint_result) {
3809     return JNI_EINVAL;
3810   }
3811 
3812   if (PauseAtStartup) {
3813     os::pause();
3814   }
3815 
3816   HOTSPOT_VM_INIT_BEGIN();
3817 
3818   // Timing (must come after argument parsing)
3819   TraceTime timer("Create VM", TRACETIME_LOG(Info, startuptime));
3820 
3821   // Initialize the os module after parsing the args
3822   jint os_init_2_result = os::init_2();
3823   if (os_init_2_result != JNI_OK) return os_init_2_result;
3824 
3825 #ifdef CAN_SHOW_REGISTERS_ON_ASSERT
3826   // Initialize assert poison page mechanism.
3827   if (ShowRegistersOnAssert) {
3828     initialize_assert_poison();
3829   }
3830 #endif // CAN_SHOW_REGISTERS_ON_ASSERT
3831 
3832   SafepointMechanism::initialize();
3833 
3834   jint adjust_after_os_result = Arguments::adjust_after_os();
3835   if (adjust_after_os_result != JNI_OK) return adjust_after_os_result;
3836 
3837   // Initialize output stream logging
3838   ostream_init_log();
3839 
3840   // Convert -Xrun to -agentlib: if there is no JVM_OnLoad
3841   // Must be before create_vm_init_agents()
3842   if (Arguments::init_libraries_at_startup()) {
3843     convert_vm_init_libraries_to_agents();
3844   }
3845 
3846   // Launch -agentlib/-agentpath and converted -Xrun agents
3847   if (Arguments::init_agents_at_startup()) {
3848     create_vm_init_agents();
3849   }
3850 
3851   // Initialize Threads state
3852   _number_of_threads = 0;
3853   _number_of_non_daemon_threads = 0;
3854 
3855   // Initialize global data structures and create system classes in heap
3856   vm_init_globals();
3857 
3858 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
3859   if (JVMCICounterSize > 0) {
3860     JavaThread::_jvmci_old_thread_counters = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(jlong, JVMCICounterSize, mtJVMCI);
3861     memset(JavaThread::_jvmci_old_thread_counters, 0, sizeof(jlong) * JVMCICounterSize);
3862   } else {
3863     JavaThread::_jvmci_old_thread_counters = NULL;
3864   }
3865 #endif // INCLUDE_JVMCI
3866 
3867   // Attach the main thread to this os thread
3868   JavaThread* main_thread = new JavaThread();
3869   main_thread->set_thread_state(_thread_in_vm);
3870   main_thread->initialize_thread_current();
3871   // must do this before set_active_handles
3872   main_thread->record_stack_base_and_size();
3873   main_thread->register_thread_stack_with_NMT();
3874   main_thread->set_active_handles(JNIHandleBlock::allocate_block());
3875 
3876   if (!main_thread->set_as_starting_thread()) {
3877     vm_shutdown_during_initialization(
3878                                       "Failed necessary internal allocation. Out of swap space");
3879     main_thread->smr_delete();
3880     *canTryAgain = false; // don't let caller call JNI_CreateJavaVM again
3881     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3882   }
3883 
3884   // Enable guard page *after* os::create_main_thread(), otherwise it would
3885   // crash Linux VM, see notes in os_linux.cpp.
3886   main_thread->create_stack_guard_pages();
3887 
3888   // Initialize Java-Level synchronization subsystem
3889   ObjectMonitor::Initialize();
3890 
3891   // Initialize global modules
3892   jint status = init_globals();
3893   if (status != JNI_OK) {
3894     main_thread->smr_delete();
3895     *canTryAgain = false; // don't let caller call JNI_CreateJavaVM again
3896     return status;
3897   }
3898 
3899   JFR_ONLY(Jfr::on_create_vm_1();)
3900 
3901   // Should be done after the heap is fully created
3902   main_thread->cache_global_variables();
3903 
3904   HandleMark hm;
3905 
3906   { MutexLocker mu(Threads_lock);
3907     Threads::add(main_thread);
3908   }
3909 
3910   // Any JVMTI raw monitors entered in onload will transition into
3911   // real raw monitor. VM is setup enough here for raw monitor enter.
3912   JvmtiExport::transition_pending_onload_raw_monitors();
3913 
3914   // Create the VMThread
3915   { TraceTime timer("Start VMThread", TRACETIME_LOG(Info, startuptime));
3916 
3917     VMThread::create();
3918     Thread* vmthread = VMThread::vm_thread();
3919 
3920     if (!os::create_thread(vmthread, os::vm_thread)) {
3921       vm_exit_during_initialization("Cannot create VM thread. "
3922                                     "Out of system resources.");
3923     }
3924 
3925     // Wait for the VM thread to become ready, and VMThread::run to initialize
3926     // Monitors can have spurious returns, must always check another state flag
3927     {
3928       MonitorLocker ml(Notify_lock);
3929       os::start_thread(vmthread);
3930       while (vmthread->active_handles() == NULL) {
3931         ml.wait();
3932       }
3933     }
3934   }
3935 
3936   assert(Universe::is_fully_initialized(), "not initialized");
3937   if (VerifyDuringStartup) {
3938     // Make sure we're starting with a clean slate.
3939     VM_Verify verify_op;
3940     VMThread::execute(&verify_op);
3941   }
3942 
3943   // We need this to update the java.vm.info property in case any flags used
3944   // to initially define it have been changed. This is needed for both CDS and
3945   // AOT, since UseSharedSpaces and UseAOT may be changed after java.vm.info
3946   // is initially computed. See Abstract_VM_Version::vm_info_string().
3947   // This update must happen before we initialize the java classes, but
3948   // after any initialization logic that might modify the flags.
3949   Arguments::update_vm_info_property(VM_Version::vm_info_string());
3950 
3951   Thread* THREAD = Thread::current();
3952 
3953   // Always call even when there are not JVMTI environments yet, since environments
3954   // may be attached late and JVMTI must track phases of VM execution
3955   JvmtiExport::enter_early_start_phase();
3956 
3957   // Notify JVMTI agents that VM has started (JNI is up) - nop if no agents.
3958   JvmtiExport::post_early_vm_start();
3959 
3960   initialize_java_lang_classes(main_thread, CHECK_JNI_ERR);
3961 
3962   quicken_jni_functions();
3963 
3964   // No more stub generation allowed after that point.
3965   StubCodeDesc::freeze();
3966 
3967   // Set flag that basic initialization has completed. Used by exceptions and various
3968   // debug stuff, that does not work until all basic classes have been initialized.
3969   set_init_completed();
3970 
3971   LogConfiguration::post_initialize();
3972   Metaspace::post_initialize();
3973 
3974   HOTSPOT_VM_INIT_END();
3975 
3976   // record VM initialization completion time
3977 #if INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3978   Management::record_vm_init_completed();
3979 #endif // INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3980 
3981   // Signal Dispatcher needs to be started before VMInit event is posted
3982   os::initialize_jdk_signal_support(CHECK_JNI_ERR);
3983 
3984   // Start Attach Listener if +StartAttachListener or it can't be started lazily
3985   if (!DisableAttachMechanism) {
3986     AttachListener::vm_start();
3987     if (StartAttachListener || AttachListener::init_at_startup()) {
3988       AttachListener::init();
3989     }
3990   }
3991 
3992   // Launch -Xrun agents
3993   // Must be done in the JVMTI live phase so that for backward compatibility the JDWP
3994   // back-end can launch with -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp.
3995   if (!EagerXrunInit && Arguments::init_libraries_at_startup()) {
3996     create_vm_init_libraries();
3997   }
3998 
3999   if (CleanChunkPoolAsync) {
4000     Chunk::start_chunk_pool_cleaner_task();
4001   }
4002 
4003   // Start the service thread
4004   // The service thread enqueues JVMTI deferred events and does various hashtable
4005   // and other cleanups.  Needs to start before the compilers start posting events.
4006   ServiceThread::initialize();
4007 
4008   // initialize compiler(s)
4009 #if defined(COMPILER1) || COMPILER2_OR_JVMCI
4010 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
4011   bool force_JVMCI_intialization = false;
4012   if (EnableJVMCI) {
4013     // Initialize JVMCI eagerly when it is explicitly requested.
4014     // Or when JVMCILibDumpJNIConfig or JVMCIPrintProperties is enabled.
4015     force_JVMCI_intialization = EagerJVMCI || JVMCIPrintProperties || JVMCILibDumpJNIConfig;
4016 
4017     if (!force_JVMCI_intialization) {
4018       // 8145270: Force initialization of JVMCI runtime otherwise requests for blocking
4019       // compilations via JVMCI will not actually block until JVMCI is initialized.
4020       force_JVMCI_intialization = UseJVMCICompiler && (!UseInterpreter || !BackgroundCompilation);
4021     }
4022   }
4023 #endif
4024   CompileBroker::compilation_init_phase1(CHECK_JNI_ERR);
4025   // Postpone completion of compiler initialization to after JVMCI
4026   // is initialized to avoid timeouts of blocking compilations.
4027   if (JVMCI_ONLY(!force_JVMCI_intialization) NOT_JVMCI(true)) {
4028     CompileBroker::compilation_init_phase2();
4029   }
4030 #endif
4031 
4032   // Pre-initialize some JSR292 core classes to avoid deadlock during class loading.
4033   // It is done after compilers are initialized, because otherwise compilations of
4034   // signature polymorphic MH intrinsics can be missed
4035   // (see SystemDictionary::find_method_handle_intrinsic).
4036   initialize_jsr292_core_classes(CHECK_JNI_ERR);
4037 
4038   // This will initialize the module system.  Only java.base classes can be
4039   // loaded until phase 2 completes
4040   call_initPhase2(CHECK_JNI_ERR);
4041 
4042   JFR_ONLY(Jfr::on_create_vm_2();)
4043 
4044   // Always call even when there are not JVMTI environments yet, since environments
4045   // may be attached late and JVMTI must track phases of VM execution
4046   JvmtiExport::enter_start_phase();
4047 
4048   // Notify JVMTI agents that VM has started (JNI is up) - nop if no agents.
4049   JvmtiExport::post_vm_start();
4050 
4051   // Final system initialization including security manager and system class loader
4052   call_initPhase3(CHECK_JNI_ERR);
4053 
4054   // cache the system and platform class loaders
4055   SystemDictionary::compute_java_loaders(CHECK_JNI_ERR);
4056 
4057 #if INCLUDE_CDS
4058   // capture the module path info from the ModuleEntryTable
4059   ClassLoader::initialize_module_path(THREAD);
4060 #endif
4061 
4062 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
4063   if (force_JVMCI_intialization) {
4064     JVMCI::initialize_compiler(CHECK_JNI_ERR);
4065     CompileBroker::compilation_init_phase2();
4066   }
4067 #endif
4068 
4069   // Always call even when there are not JVMTI environments yet, since environments
4070   // may be attached late and JVMTI must track phases of VM execution
4071   JvmtiExport::enter_live_phase();
4072 
4073   // Make perfmemory accessible
4074   PerfMemory::set_accessible(true);
4075 
4076   // Notify JVMTI agents that VM initialization is complete - nop if no agents.
4077   JvmtiExport::post_vm_initialized();
4078 
4079   JFR_ONLY(Jfr::on_create_vm_3();)
4080 
4081 #if INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
4082   Management::initialize(THREAD);
4083 
4084   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
4085     // management agent fails to start possibly due to
4086     // configuration problem and is responsible for printing
4087     // stack trace if appropriate. Simply exit VM.
4088     vm_exit(1);
4089   }
4090 #endif // INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
4091 
4092   if (MemProfiling)                   MemProfiler::engage();
4093   StatSampler::engage();
4094   if (CheckJNICalls)                  JniPeriodicChecker::engage();
4095 
4096   BiasedLocking::init();
4097 
4098 #if INCLUDE_RTM_OPT
4099   RTMLockingCounters::init();
4100 #endif
4101 
4102   call_postVMInitHook(THREAD);
4103   // The Java side of PostVMInitHook.run must deal with all
4104   // exceptions and provide means of diagnosis.
4105   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
4106     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
4107   }
4108 
4109   {
4110     MutexLocker ml(PeriodicTask_lock);
4111     // Make sure the WatcherThread can be started by WatcherThread::start()
4112     // or by dynamic enrollment.
4113     WatcherThread::make_startable();
4114     // Start up the WatcherThread if there are any periodic tasks
4115     // NOTE:  All PeriodicTasks should be registered by now. If they
4116     //   aren't, late joiners might appear to start slowly (we might
4117     //   take a while to process their first tick).
4118     if (PeriodicTask::num_tasks() > 0) {
4119       WatcherThread::start();
4120     }
4121   }
4122 
4123   create_vm_timer.end();
4124 #ifdef ASSERT
4125   _vm_complete = true;
4126 #endif
4127 
4128   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
4129     MetaspaceShared::preload_and_dump(CHECK_JNI_ERR);
4130     ShouldNotReachHere();
4131   }
4132 
4133   return JNI_OK;
4134 }
4135 
4136 // type for the Agent_OnLoad and JVM_OnLoad entry points
4137 extern "C" {
4138   typedef jint (JNICALL *OnLoadEntry_t)(JavaVM *, char *, void *);
4139 }
4140 // Find a command line agent library and return its entry point for
4141 //         -agentlib:  -agentpath:   -Xrun
4142 // num_symbol_entries must be passed-in since only the caller knows the number of symbols in the array.
4143 static OnLoadEntry_t lookup_on_load(AgentLibrary* agent,
4144                                     const char *on_load_symbols[],
4145                                     size_t num_symbol_entries) {
4146   OnLoadEntry_t on_load_entry = NULL;
4147   void *library = NULL;
4148 
4149   if (!agent->valid()) {
4150     char buffer[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
4151     char ebuf[1024] = "";
4152     const char *name = agent->name();
4153     const char *msg = "Could not find agent library ";
4154 
4155     // First check to see if agent is statically linked into executable
4156     if (os::find_builtin_agent(agent, on_load_symbols, num_symbol_entries)) {
4157       library = agent->os_lib();
4158     } else if (agent->is_absolute_path()) {
4159       library = os::dll_load(name, ebuf, sizeof ebuf);
4160       if (library == NULL) {
4161         const char *sub_msg = " in absolute path, with error: ";
4162         size_t len = strlen(msg) + strlen(name) + strlen(sub_msg) + strlen(ebuf) + 1;
4163         char *buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtThread);
4164         jio_snprintf(buf, len, "%s%s%s%s", msg, name, sub_msg, ebuf);
4165         // If we can't find the agent, exit.
4166         vm_exit_during_initialization(buf, NULL);
4167         FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
4168       }
4169     } else {
4170       // Try to load the agent from the standard dll directory
4171       if (os::dll_locate_lib(buffer, sizeof(buffer), Arguments::get_dll_dir(),
4172                              name)) {
4173         library = os::dll_load(buffer, ebuf, sizeof ebuf);
4174       }
4175       if (library == NULL) { // Try the library path directory.
4176         if (os::dll_build_name(buffer, sizeof(buffer), name)) {
4177           library = os::dll_load(buffer, ebuf, sizeof ebuf);
4178         }
4179         if (library == NULL) {
4180           const char *sub_msg = " on the library path, with error: ";
4181           const char *sub_msg2 = "\nModule java.instrument may be missing from runtime image.";
4182 
4183           size_t len = strlen(msg) + strlen(name) + strlen(sub_msg) +
4184                        strlen(ebuf) + strlen(sub_msg2) + 1;
4185           char *buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtThread);
4186           if (!agent->is_instrument_lib()) {
4187             jio_snprintf(buf, len, "%s%s%s%s", msg, name, sub_msg, ebuf);
4188           } else {
4189             jio_snprintf(buf, len, "%s%s%s%s%s", msg, name, sub_msg, ebuf, sub_msg2);
4190           }
4191           // If we can't find the agent, exit.
4192           vm_exit_during_initialization(buf, NULL);
4193           FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
4194         }
4195       }
4196     }
4197     agent->set_os_lib(library);
4198     agent->set_valid();
4199   }
4200 
4201   // Find the OnLoad function.
4202   on_load_entry =
4203     CAST_TO_FN_PTR(OnLoadEntry_t, os::find_agent_function(agent,
4204                                                           false,
4205                                                           on_load_symbols,
4206                                                           num_symbol_entries));
4207   return on_load_entry;
4208 }
4209 
4210 // Find the JVM_OnLoad entry point
4211 static OnLoadEntry_t lookup_jvm_on_load(AgentLibrary* agent) {
4212   const char *on_load_symbols[] = JVM_ONLOAD_SYMBOLS;
4213   return lookup_on_load(agent, on_load_symbols, sizeof(on_load_symbols) / sizeof(char*));
4214 }
4215 
4216 // Find the Agent_OnLoad entry point
4217 static OnLoadEntry_t lookup_agent_on_load(AgentLibrary* agent) {
4218   const char *on_load_symbols[] = AGENT_ONLOAD_SYMBOLS;
4219   return lookup_on_load(agent, on_load_symbols, sizeof(on_load_symbols) / sizeof(char*));
4220 }
4221 
4222 // For backwards compatibility with -Xrun
4223 // Convert libraries with no JVM_OnLoad, but which have Agent_OnLoad to be
4224 // treated like -agentpath:
4225 // Must be called before agent libraries are created
4226 void Threads::convert_vm_init_libraries_to_agents() {
4227   AgentLibrary* agent;
4228   AgentLibrary* next;
4229 
4230   for (agent = Arguments::libraries(); agent != NULL; agent = next) {
4231     next = agent->next();  // cache the next agent now as this agent may get moved off this list
4232     OnLoadEntry_t on_load_entry = lookup_jvm_on_load(agent);
4233 
4234     // If there is an JVM_OnLoad function it will get called later,
4235     // otherwise see if there is an Agent_OnLoad
4236     if (on_load_entry == NULL) {
4237       on_load_entry = lookup_agent_on_load(agent);
4238       if (on_load_entry != NULL) {
4239         // switch it to the agent list -- so that Agent_OnLoad will be called,
4240         // JVM_OnLoad won't be attempted and Agent_OnUnload will
4241         Arguments::convert_library_to_agent(agent);
4242       } else {
4243         vm_exit_during_initialization("Could not find JVM_OnLoad or Agent_OnLoad function in the library", agent->name());
4244       }
4245     }
4246   }
4247 }
4248 
4249 // Create agents for -agentlib:  -agentpath:  and converted -Xrun
4250 // Invokes Agent_OnLoad
4251 // Called very early -- before JavaThreads exist
4252 void Threads::create_vm_init_agents() {
4253   extern struct JavaVM_ main_vm;
4254   AgentLibrary* agent;
4255 
4256   JvmtiExport::enter_onload_phase();
4257 
4258   for (agent = Arguments::agents(); agent != NULL; agent = agent->next()) {
4259     // CDS dumping does not support native JVMTI agent.
4260     // CDS dumping supports Java agent if the AllowArchivingWithJavaAgent diagnostic option is specified.
4261     if (Arguments::is_dumping_archive()) {
4262       if(!agent->is_instrument_lib()) {
4263         vm_exit_during_cds_dumping("CDS dumping does not support native JVMTI agent, name", agent->name());
4264       } else if (!AllowArchivingWithJavaAgent) {
4265         vm_exit_during_cds_dumping(
4266           "Must enable AllowArchivingWithJavaAgent in order to run Java agent during CDS dumping");
4267       }
4268     }
4269 
4270     OnLoadEntry_t  on_load_entry = lookup_agent_on_load(agent);
4271 
4272     if (on_load_entry != NULL) {
4273       // Invoke the Agent_OnLoad function
4274       jint err = (*on_load_entry)(&main_vm, agent->options(), NULL);
4275       if (err != JNI_OK) {
4276         vm_exit_during_initialization("agent library failed to init", agent->name());
4277       }
4278     } else {
4279       vm_exit_during_initialization("Could not find Agent_OnLoad function in the agent library", agent->name());
4280     }
4281   }
4282 
4283   JvmtiExport::enter_primordial_phase();
4284 }
4285 
4286 extern "C" {
4287   typedef void (JNICALL *Agent_OnUnload_t)(JavaVM *);
4288 }
4289 
4290 void Threads::shutdown_vm_agents() {
4291   // Send any Agent_OnUnload notifications
4292   const char *on_unload_symbols[] = AGENT_ONUNLOAD_SYMBOLS;
4293   size_t num_symbol_entries = ARRAY_SIZE(on_unload_symbols);
4294   extern struct JavaVM_ main_vm;
4295   for (AgentLibrary* agent = Arguments::agents(); agent != NULL; agent = agent->next()) {
4296 
4297     // Find the Agent_OnUnload function.
4298     Agent_OnUnload_t unload_entry = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(Agent_OnUnload_t,
4299                                                    os::find_agent_function(agent,
4300                                                    false,
4301                                                    on_unload_symbols,
4302                                                    num_symbol_entries));
4303 
4304     // Invoke the Agent_OnUnload function
4305     if (unload_entry != NULL) {
4306       JavaThread* thread = JavaThread::current();
4307       ThreadToNativeFromVM ttn(thread);
4308       HandleMark hm(thread);
4309       (*unload_entry)(&main_vm);
4310     }
4311   }
4312 }
4313 
4314 // Called for after the VM is initialized for -Xrun libraries which have not been converted to agent libraries
4315 // Invokes JVM_OnLoad
4316 void Threads::create_vm_init_libraries() {
4317   extern struct JavaVM_ main_vm;
4318   AgentLibrary* agent;
4319 
4320   for (agent = Arguments::libraries(); agent != NULL; agent = agent->next()) {
4321     OnLoadEntry_t on_load_entry = lookup_jvm_on_load(agent);
4322 
4323     if (on_load_entry != NULL) {
4324       // Invoke the JVM_OnLoad function
4325       JavaThread* thread = JavaThread::current();
4326       ThreadToNativeFromVM ttn(thread);
4327       HandleMark hm(thread);
4328       jint err = (*on_load_entry)(&main_vm, agent->options(), NULL);
4329       if (err != JNI_OK) {
4330         vm_exit_during_initialization("-Xrun library failed to init", agent->name());
4331       }
4332     } else {
4333       vm_exit_during_initialization("Could not find JVM_OnLoad function in -Xrun library", agent->name());
4334     }
4335   }
4336 }
4337 
4338 
4339 // Last thread running calls java.lang.Shutdown.shutdown()
4340 void JavaThread::invoke_shutdown_hooks() {
4341   HandleMark hm(this);
4342 
4343   // Link all classes for dynamic CDS dumping before vm exit.
4344   // Same operation is being done in JVM_BeforeHalt for handling the
4345   // case where the application calls System.exit().
4346   if (DynamicDumpSharedSpaces) {
4347     MetaspaceShared::link_and_cleanup_shared_classes(this);
4348   }
4349 
4350   // We could get here with a pending exception, if so clear it now.
4351   if (this->has_pending_exception()) {
4352     this->clear_pending_exception();
4353   }
4354 
4355   EXCEPTION_MARK;
4356   Klass* shutdown_klass =
4357     SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(vmSymbols::java_lang_Shutdown(),
4358                                       THREAD);
4359   if (shutdown_klass != NULL) {
4360     // SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null will return null if there was
4361     // an exception.  If we cannot load the Shutdown class, just don't
4362     // call Shutdown.shutdown() at all.  This will mean the shutdown hooks
4363     // won't be run.  Note that if a shutdown hook was registered,
4364     // the Shutdown class would have already been loaded
4365     // (Runtime.addShutdownHook will load it).
4366     JavaValue result(T_VOID);
4367     JavaCalls::call_static(&result,
4368                            shutdown_klass,
4369                            vmSymbols::shutdown_name(),
4370                            vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
4371                            THREAD);
4372   }
4373   CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
4374 }
4375 
4376 // Threads::destroy_vm() is normally called from jni_DestroyJavaVM() when
4377 // the program falls off the end of main(). Another VM exit path is through
4378 // vm_exit() when the program calls System.exit() to return a value or when
4379 // there is a serious error in VM. The two shutdown paths are not exactly
4380 // the same, but they share Shutdown.shutdown() at Java level and before_exit()
4381 // and VM_Exit op at VM level.
4382 //
4383 // Shutdown sequence:
4384 //   + Shutdown native memory tracking if it is on
4385 //   + Wait until we are the last non-daemon thread to execute
4386 //     <-- every thing is still working at this moment -->
4387 //   + Call java.lang.Shutdown.shutdown(), which will invoke Java level
4388 //        shutdown hooks
4389 //   + Call before_exit(), prepare for VM exit
4390 //      > run VM level shutdown hooks (they are registered through JVM_OnExit(),
4391 //        currently the only user of this mechanism is File.deleteOnExit())
4392 //      > stop StatSampler, watcher thread,
4393 //        post thread end and vm death events to JVMTI,
4394 //        stop signal thread
4395 //   + Call JavaThread::exit(), it will:
4396 //      > release JNI handle blocks, remove stack guard pages
4397 //      > remove this thread from Threads list
4398 //     <-- no more Java code from this thread after this point -->
4399 //   + Stop VM thread, it will bring the remaining VM to a safepoint and stop
4400 //     the compiler threads at safepoint
4401 //     <-- do not use anything that could get blocked by Safepoint -->
4402 //   + Disable tracing at JNI/JVM barriers
4403 //   + Set _vm_exited flag for threads that are still running native code
4404 //   + Call exit_globals()
4405 //      > deletes tty
4406 //      > deletes PerfMemory resources
4407 //   + Delete this thread
4408 //   + Return to caller
4409 
4410 bool Threads::destroy_vm() {
4411   JavaThread* thread = JavaThread::current();
4412 
4413 #ifdef ASSERT
4414   _vm_complete = false;
4415 #endif
4416   // Wait until we are the last non-daemon thread to execute
4417   { MonitorLocker nu(Threads_lock);
4418     while (Threads::number_of_non_daemon_threads() > 1)
4419       // This wait should make safepoint checks, wait without a timeout,
4420       // and wait as a suspend-equivalent condition.
4421       nu.wait(0, Mutex::_as_suspend_equivalent_flag);
4422   }
4423 
4424   EventShutdown e;
4425   if (e.should_commit()) {
4426     e.set_reason("No remaining non-daemon Java threads");
4427     e.commit();
4428   }
4429 
4430   // Hang forever on exit if we are reporting an error.
4431   if (ShowMessageBoxOnError && VMError::is_error_reported()) {
4432     os::infinite_sleep();
4433   }
4434   os::wait_for_keypress_at_exit();
4435 
4436   // run Java level shutdown hooks
4437   thread->invoke_shutdown_hooks();
4438 
4439   before_exit(thread);
4440 
4441   thread->exit(true);
4442 
4443   // We are no longer on the main thread list but could still be in a
4444   // secondary list where another thread may try to interact with us.
4445   // So wait until all such interactions are complete before we bring
4446   // the VM to the termination safepoint. Normally this would be done
4447   // using thread->smr_delete() below where we delete the thread, but
4448   // we can't call that after the termination safepoint is active as
4449   // we will deadlock on the Threads_lock. Once all interactions are
4450   // complete it is safe to directly delete the thread at any time.
4451   ThreadsSMRSupport::wait_until_not_protected(thread);
4452 
4453   // Stop VM thread.
4454   {
4455     // 4945125 The vm thread comes to a safepoint during exit.
4456     // GC vm_operations can get caught at the safepoint, and the
4457     // heap is unparseable if they are caught. Grab the Heap_lock
4458     // to prevent this. The GC vm_operations will not be able to
4459     // queue until after the vm thread is dead. After this point,
4460     // we'll never emerge out of the safepoint before the VM exits.
4461 
4462     MutexLocker ml(Heap_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
4463 
4464     VMThread::wait_for_vm_thread_exit();
4465     assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "VM thread should exit at Safepoint");
4466     VMThread::destroy();
4467   }
4468 
4469   // Now, all Java threads are gone except daemon threads. Daemon threads
4470   // running Java code or in VM are stopped by the Safepoint. However,
4471   // daemon threads executing native code are still running.  But they
4472   // will be stopped at native=>Java/VM barriers. Note that we can't
4473   // simply kill or suspend them, as it is inherently deadlock-prone.
4474 
4475   VM_Exit::set_vm_exited();
4476 
4477   // Clean up ideal graph printers after the VMThread has started
4478   // the final safepoint which will block all the Compiler threads.
4479   // Note that this Thread has already logically exited so the
4480   // clean_up() function's use of a JavaThreadIteratorWithHandle
4481   // would be a problem except set_vm_exited() has remembered the
4482   // shutdown thread which is granted a policy exception.
4483 #if defined(COMPILER2) && !defined(PRODUCT)
4484   IdealGraphPrinter::clean_up();
4485 #endif
4486 
4487   notify_vm_shutdown();
4488 
4489   // exit_globals() will delete tty
4490   exit_globals();
4491 
4492   // Deleting the shutdown thread here is safe. See comment on
4493   // wait_until_not_protected() above.
4494   delete thread;
4495 
4496 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
4497   if (JVMCICounterSize > 0) {
4498     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(jlong, JavaThread::_jvmci_old_thread_counters);
4499   }
4500 #endif
4501 
4502   LogConfiguration::finalize();
4503 
4504   return true;
4505 }
4506 
4507 
4508 jboolean Threads::is_supported_jni_version_including_1_1(jint version) {
4509   if (version == JNI_VERSION_1_1) return JNI_TRUE;
4510   return is_supported_jni_version(version);
4511 }
4512 
4513 
4514 jboolean Threads::is_supported_jni_version(jint version) {
4515   if (version == JNI_VERSION_1_2) return JNI_TRUE;
4516   if (version == JNI_VERSION_1_4) return JNI_TRUE;
4517   if (version == JNI_VERSION_1_6) return JNI_TRUE;
4518   if (version == JNI_VERSION_1_8) return JNI_TRUE;
4519   if (version == JNI_VERSION_9) return JNI_TRUE;
4520   if (version == JNI_VERSION_10) return JNI_TRUE;
4521   return JNI_FALSE;
4522 }
4523 
4524 
4525 void Threads::add(JavaThread* p, bool force_daemon) {
4526   // The threads lock must be owned at this point
4527   assert(Threads_lock->owned_by_self(), "must have threads lock");
4528 
4529   BarrierSet::barrier_set()->on_thread_attach(p);
4530 
4531   // Once a JavaThread is added to the Threads list, smr_delete() has
4532   // to be used to delete it. Otherwise we can just delete it directly.
4533   p->set_on_thread_list();
4534 
4535   _number_of_threads++;
4536   oop threadObj = p->threadObj();
4537   bool daemon = true;
4538   // Bootstrapping problem: threadObj can be null for initial
4539   // JavaThread (or for threads attached via JNI)
4540   if ((!force_daemon) && !is_daemon((threadObj))) {
4541     _number_of_non_daemon_threads++;
4542     daemon = false;
4543   }
4544 
4545   ThreadService::add_thread(p, daemon);
4546 
4547   // Maintain fast thread list
4548   ThreadsSMRSupport::add_thread(p);
4549 
4550   // Possible GC point.
4551   Events::log(p, "Thread added: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(p));
4552 }
4553 
4554 void Threads::remove(JavaThread* p, bool is_daemon) {
4555 
4556   // Reclaim the ObjectMonitors from the om_in_use_list and om_free_list of the moribund thread.
4557   ObjectSynchronizer::om_flush(p);
4558 
4559   // Extra scope needed for Thread_lock, so we can check
4560   // that we do not remove thread without safepoint code notice
4561   { MonitorLocker ml(Threads_lock);
4562 
4563     assert(ThreadsSMRSupport::get_java_thread_list()->includes(p), "p must be present");
4564 
4565     // Maintain fast thread list
4566     ThreadsSMRSupport::remove_thread(p);
4567 
4568     _number_of_threads--;
4569     if (!is_daemon) {
4570       _number_of_non_daemon_threads--;
4571 
4572       // Only one thread left, do a notify on the Threads_lock so a thread waiting
4573       // on destroy_vm will wake up.
4574       if (number_of_non_daemon_threads() == 1) {
4575         ml.notify_all();
4576       }
4577     }
4578     ThreadService::remove_thread(p, is_daemon);
4579 
4580     // Make sure that safepoint code disregard this thread. This is needed since
4581     // the thread might mess around with locks after this point. This can cause it
4582     // to do callbacks into the safepoint code. However, the safepoint code is not aware
4583     // of this thread since it is removed from the queue.
4584     p->set_terminated_value();
4585   } // unlock Threads_lock
4586 
4587   // Since Events::log uses a lock, we grab it outside the Threads_lock
4588   Events::log(p, "Thread exited: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(p));
4589 }
4590 
4591 // Operations on the Threads list for GC.  These are not explicitly locked,
4592 // but the garbage collector must provide a safe context for them to run.
4593 // In particular, these things should never be called when the Threads_lock
4594 // is held by some other thread. (Note: the Safepoint abstraction also
4595 // uses the Threads_lock to guarantee this property. It also makes sure that
4596 // all threads gets blocked when exiting or starting).
4597 
4598 void Threads::oops_do(OopClosure* f, CodeBlobClosure* cf) {
4599   ALL_JAVA_THREADS(p) {
4600     p->oops_do(f, cf);
4601   }
4602   VMThread::vm_thread()->oops_do(f, cf);
4603 }
4604 
4605 void Threads::change_thread_claim_token() {
4606   if (++_thread_claim_token == 0) {
4607     // On overflow of the token counter, there is a risk of future
4608     // collisions between a new global token value and a stale token
4609     // for a thread, because not all iterations visit all threads.
4610     // (Though it's pretty much a theoretical concern for non-trivial
4611     // token counter sizes.)  To deal with the possibility, reset all
4612     // the thread tokens to zero on global token overflow.
4613     struct ResetClaims : public ThreadClosure {
4614       virtual void do_thread(Thread* t) {
4615         t->claim_threads_do(false, 0);
4616       }
4617     } reset_claims;
4618     Threads::threads_do(&reset_claims);
4619     // On overflow, update the global token to non-zero, to
4620     // avoid the special "never claimed" initial thread value.
4621     _thread_claim_token = 1;
4622   }
4623 }
4624 
4625 #ifdef ASSERT
4626 void assert_thread_claimed(const char* kind, Thread* t, uintx expected) {
4627   const uintx token = t->threads_do_token();
4628   assert(token == expected,
4629          "%s " PTR_FORMAT " has incorrect value " UINTX_FORMAT " != "
4630          UINTX_FORMAT, kind, p2i(t), token, expected);
4631 }
4632 
4633 void Threads::assert_all_threads_claimed() {
4634   ALL_JAVA_THREADS(p) {
4635     assert_thread_claimed("Thread", p, _thread_claim_token);
4636   }
4637   assert_thread_claimed("VMThread", VMThread::vm_thread(), _thread_claim_token);
4638 }
4639 #endif // ASSERT
4640 
4641 class ParallelOopsDoThreadClosure : public ThreadClosure {
4642 private:
4643   OopClosure* _f;
4644   CodeBlobClosure* _cf;
4645 public:
4646   ParallelOopsDoThreadClosure(OopClosure* f, CodeBlobClosure* cf) : _f(f), _cf(cf) {}
4647   void do_thread(Thread* t) {
4648     t->oops_do(_f, _cf);
4649   }
4650 };
4651 
4652 void Threads::possibly_parallel_oops_do(bool is_par, OopClosure* f, CodeBlobClosure* cf) {
4653   ParallelOopsDoThreadClosure tc(f, cf);
4654   possibly_parallel_threads_do(is_par, &tc);
4655 }
4656 
4657 void Threads::nmethods_do(CodeBlobClosure* cf) {
4658   ALL_JAVA_THREADS(p) {
4659     // This is used by the code cache sweeper to mark nmethods that are active
4660     // on the stack of a Java thread. Ignore the sweeper thread itself to avoid
4661     // marking CodeCacheSweeperThread::_scanned_compiled_method as active.
4662     if(!p->is_Code_cache_sweeper_thread()) {
4663       p->nmethods_do(cf);
4664     }
4665   }
4666 }
4667 
4668 void Threads::metadata_do(MetadataClosure* f) {
4669   ALL_JAVA_THREADS(p) {
4670     p->metadata_do(f);
4671   }
4672 }
4673 
4674 class ThreadHandlesClosure : public ThreadClosure {
4675   void (*_f)(Metadata*);
4676  public:
4677   ThreadHandlesClosure(void f(Metadata*)) : _f(f) {}
4678   virtual void do_thread(Thread* thread) {
4679     thread->metadata_handles_do(_f);
4680   }
4681 };
4682 
4683 void Threads::metadata_handles_do(void f(Metadata*)) {
4684   // Only walk the Handles in Thread.
4685   ThreadHandlesClosure handles_closure(f);
4686   threads_do(&handles_closure);
4687 }
4688 
4689 // Get count Java threads that are waiting to enter the specified monitor.
4690 GrowableArray<JavaThread*>* Threads::get_pending_threads(ThreadsList * t_list,
4691                                                          int count,
4692                                                          address monitor) {
4693   GrowableArray<JavaThread*>* result = new GrowableArray<JavaThread*>(count);
4694 
4695   int i = 0;
4696   DO_JAVA_THREADS(t_list, p) {
4697     if (!p->can_call_java()) continue;
4698 
4699     // The first stage of async deflation does not affect any field
4700     // used by this comparison so the ObjectMonitor* is usable here.
4701     address pending = (address)p->current_pending_monitor();
4702     if (pending == monitor) {             // found a match
4703       if (i < count) result->append(p);   // save the first count matches
4704       i++;
4705     }
4706   }
4707 
4708   return result;
4709 }
4710 
4711 
4712 JavaThread *Threads::owning_thread_from_monitor_owner(ThreadsList * t_list,
4713                                                       address owner) {
4714   // NULL owner means not locked so we can skip the search
4715   if (owner == NULL) return NULL;
4716 
4717   DO_JAVA_THREADS(t_list, p) {
4718     // first, see if owner is the address of a Java thread
4719     if (owner == (address)p) return p;
4720   }
4721 
4722   // Cannot assert on lack of success here since this function may be
4723   // used by code that is trying to report useful problem information
4724   // like deadlock detection.
4725   if (UseHeavyMonitors) return NULL;
4726 
4727   // If we didn't find a matching Java thread and we didn't force use of
4728   // heavyweight monitors, then the owner is the stack address of the
4729   // Lock Word in the owning Java thread's stack.
4730   //
4731   JavaThread* the_owner = NULL;
4732   DO_JAVA_THREADS(t_list, q) {
4733     if (q->is_lock_owned(owner)) {
4734       the_owner = q;
4735       break;
4736     }
4737   }
4738 
4739   // cannot assert on lack of success here; see above comment
4740   return the_owner;
4741 }
4742 
4743 class PrintOnClosure : public ThreadClosure {
4744 private:
4745   outputStream* _st;
4746 
4747 public:
4748   PrintOnClosure(outputStream* st) :
4749       _st(st) {}
4750 
4751   virtual void do_thread(Thread* thread) {
4752     if (thread != NULL) {
4753       thread->print_on(_st);
4754       _st->cr();
4755     }
4756   }
4757 };
4758 
4759 // Threads::print_on() is called at safepoint by VM_PrintThreads operation.
4760 void Threads::print_on(outputStream* st, bool print_stacks,
4761                        bool internal_format, bool print_concurrent_locks,
4762                        bool print_extended_info) {
4763   char buf[32];
4764   st->print_raw_cr(os::local_time_string(buf, sizeof(buf)));
4765 
4766   st->print_cr("Full thread dump %s (%s %s):",
4767                VM_Version::vm_name(),
4768                VM_Version::vm_release(),
4769                VM_Version::vm_info_string());
4770   st->cr();
4771 
4772 #if INCLUDE_SERVICES
4773   // Dump concurrent locks
4774   ConcurrentLocksDump concurrent_locks;
4775   if (print_concurrent_locks) {
4776     concurrent_locks.dump_at_safepoint();
4777   }
4778 #endif // INCLUDE_SERVICES
4779 
4780   ThreadsSMRSupport::print_info_on(st);
4781   st->cr();
4782 
4783   ALL_JAVA_THREADS(p) {
4784     ResourceMark rm;
4785     p->print_on(st, print_extended_info);
4786     if (print_stacks) {
4787       if (internal_format) {
4788         p->trace_stack();
4789       } else {
4790         p->print_stack_on(st);
4791       }
4792     }
4793     st->cr();
4794 #if INCLUDE_SERVICES
4795     if (print_concurrent_locks) {
4796       concurrent_locks.print_locks_on(p, st);
4797     }
4798 #endif // INCLUDE_SERVICES
4799   }
4800 
4801   PrintOnClosure cl(st);
4802   cl.do_thread(VMThread::vm_thread());
4803   Universe::heap()->gc_threads_do(&cl);
4804   cl.do_thread(WatcherThread::watcher_thread());
4805 
4806   st->flush();
4807 }
4808 
4809 void Threads::print_on_error(Thread* this_thread, outputStream* st, Thread* current, char* buf,
4810                              int buflen, bool* found_current) {
4811   if (this_thread != NULL) {
4812     bool is_current = (current == this_thread);
4813     *found_current = *found_current || is_current;
4814     st->print("%s", is_current ? "=>" : "  ");
4815 
4816     st->print(PTR_FORMAT, p2i(this_thread));
4817     st->print(" ");
4818     this_thread->print_on_error(st, buf, buflen);
4819     st->cr();
4820   }
4821 }
4822 
4823 class PrintOnErrorClosure : public ThreadClosure {
4824   outputStream* _st;
4825   Thread* _current;
4826   char* _buf;
4827   int _buflen;
4828   bool* _found_current;
4829  public:
4830   PrintOnErrorClosure(outputStream* st, Thread* current, char* buf,
4831                       int buflen, bool* found_current) :
4832    _st(st), _current(current), _buf(buf), _buflen(buflen), _found_current(found_current) {}
4833 
4834   virtual void do_thread(Thread* thread) {
4835     Threads::print_on_error(thread, _st, _current, _buf, _buflen, _found_current);
4836   }
4837 };
4838 
4839 // Threads::print_on_error() is called by fatal error handler. It's possible
4840 // that VM is not at safepoint and/or current thread is inside signal handler.
4841 // Don't print stack trace, as the stack may not be walkable. Don't allocate
4842 // memory (even in resource area), it might deadlock the error handler.
4843 void Threads::print_on_error(outputStream* st, Thread* current, char* buf,
4844                              int buflen) {
4845   ThreadsSMRSupport::print_info_on(st);
4846   st->cr();
4847 
4848   bool found_current = false;
4849   st->print_cr("Java Threads: ( => current thread )");
4850   ALL_JAVA_THREADS(thread) {
4851     print_on_error(thread, st, current, buf, buflen, &found_current);
4852   }
4853   st->cr();
4854 
4855   st->print_cr("Other Threads:");
4856   print_on_error(VMThread::vm_thread(), st, current, buf, buflen, &found_current);
4857   print_on_error(WatcherThread::watcher_thread(), st, current, buf, buflen, &found_current);
4858 
4859   if (Universe::heap() != NULL) {
4860     PrintOnErrorClosure print_closure(st, current, buf, buflen, &found_current);
4861     Universe::heap()->gc_threads_do(&print_closure);
4862   }
4863 
4864   if (!found_current) {
4865     st->cr();
4866     st->print("=>" PTR_FORMAT " (exited) ", p2i(current));
4867     current->print_on_error(st, buf, buflen);
4868     st->cr();
4869   }
4870   st->cr();
4871 
4872   st->print_cr("Threads with active compile tasks:");
4873   print_threads_compiling(st, buf, buflen);
4874 }
4875 
4876 void Threads::print_threads_compiling(outputStream* st, char* buf, int buflen, bool short_form) {
4877   ALL_JAVA_THREADS(thread) {
4878     if (thread->is_Compiler_thread()) {
4879       CompilerThread* ct = (CompilerThread*) thread;
4880 
4881       // Keep task in local variable for NULL check.
4882       // ct->_task might be set to NULL by concurring compiler thread
4883       // because it completed the compilation. The task is never freed,
4884       // though, just returned to a free list.
4885       CompileTask* task = ct->task();
4886       if (task != NULL) {
4887         thread->print_name_on_error(st, buf, buflen);
4888         st->print("  ");
4889         task->print(st, NULL, short_form, true);
4890       }
4891     }
4892   }
4893 }
4894 
4895 
4896 // Internal SpinLock and Mutex
4897 // Based on ParkEvent
4898 
4899 // Ad-hoc mutual exclusion primitives: SpinLock and Mux
4900 //
4901 // We employ SpinLocks _only for low-contention, fixed-length
4902 // short-duration critical sections where we're concerned
4903 // about native mutex_t or HotSpot Mutex:: latency.
4904 // The mux construct provides a spin-then-block mutual exclusion
4905 // mechanism.
4906 //
4907 // Testing has shown that contention on the ListLock guarding gFreeList
4908 // is common.  If we implement ListLock as a simple SpinLock it's common
4909 // for the JVM to devolve to yielding with little progress.  This is true
4910 // despite the fact that the critical sections protected by ListLock are
4911 // extremely short.
4912 //
4913 // TODO-FIXME: ListLock should be of type SpinLock.
4914 // We should make this a 1st-class type, integrated into the lock
4915 // hierarchy as leaf-locks.  Critically, the SpinLock structure
4916 // should have sufficient padding to avoid false-sharing and excessive
4917 // cache-coherency traffic.
4918 
4919 
4920 typedef volatile int SpinLockT;
4921 
4922 void Thread::SpinAcquire(volatile int * adr, const char * LockName) {
4923   if (Atomic::cmpxchg(adr, 0, 1) == 0) {
4924     return;   // normal fast-path return
4925   }
4926 
4927   // Slow-path : We've encountered contention -- Spin/Yield/Block strategy.
4928   int ctr = 0;
4929   int Yields = 0;
4930   for (;;) {
4931     while (*adr != 0) {
4932       ++ctr;
4933       if ((ctr & 0xFFF) == 0 || !os::is_MP()) {
4934         if (Yields > 5) {
4935           os::naked_short_sleep(1);
4936         } else {
4937           os::naked_yield();
4938           ++Yields;
4939         }
4940       } else {
4941         SpinPause();
4942       }
4943     }
4944     if (Atomic::cmpxchg(adr, 0, 1) == 0) return;
4945   }
4946 }
4947 
4948 void Thread::SpinRelease(volatile int * adr) {
4949   assert(*adr != 0, "invariant");
4950   OrderAccess::fence();      // guarantee at least release consistency.
4951   // Roach-motel semantics.
4952   // It's safe if subsequent LDs and STs float "up" into the critical section,
4953   // but prior LDs and STs within the critical section can't be allowed
4954   // to reorder or float past the ST that releases the lock.
4955   // Loads and stores in the critical section - which appear in program
4956   // order before the store that releases the lock - must also appear
4957   // before the store that releases the lock in memory visibility order.
4958   // Conceptually we need a #loadstore|#storestore "release" MEMBAR before
4959   // the ST of 0 into the lock-word which releases the lock, so fence
4960   // more than covers this on all platforms.
4961   *adr = 0;
4962 }
4963 
4964 // muxAcquire and muxRelease:
4965 //
4966 // *  muxAcquire and muxRelease support a single-word lock-word construct.
4967 //    The LSB of the word is set IFF the lock is held.
4968 //    The remainder of the word points to the head of a singly-linked list
4969 //    of threads blocked on the lock.
4970 //
4971 // *  The current implementation of muxAcquire-muxRelease uses its own
4972 //    dedicated Thread._MuxEvent instance.  If we're interested in
4973 //    minimizing the peak number of extant ParkEvent instances then
4974 //    we could eliminate _MuxEvent and "borrow" _ParkEvent as long
4975 //    as certain invariants were satisfied.  Specifically, care would need
4976 //    to be taken with regards to consuming unpark() "permits".
4977 //    A safe rule of thumb is that a thread would never call muxAcquire()
4978 //    if it's enqueued (cxq, EntryList, WaitList, etc) and will subsequently
4979 //    park().  Otherwise the _ParkEvent park() operation in muxAcquire() could
4980 //    consume an unpark() permit intended for monitorenter, for instance.
4981 //    One way around this would be to widen the restricted-range semaphore
4982 //    implemented in park().  Another alternative would be to provide
4983 //    multiple instances of the PlatformEvent() for each thread.  One
4984 //    instance would be dedicated to muxAcquire-muxRelease, for instance.
4985 //
4986 // *  Usage:
4987 //    -- Only as leaf locks
4988 //    -- for short-term locking only as muxAcquire does not perform
4989 //       thread state transitions.
4990 //
4991 // Alternatives:
4992 // *  We could implement muxAcquire and muxRelease with MCS or CLH locks
4993 //    but with parking or spin-then-park instead of pure spinning.
4994 // *  Use Taura-Oyama-Yonenzawa locks.
4995 // *  It's possible to construct a 1-0 lock if we encode the lockword as
4996 //    (List,LockByte).  Acquire will CAS the full lockword while Release
4997 //    will STB 0 into the LockByte.  The 1-0 scheme admits stranding, so
4998 //    acquiring threads use timers (ParkTimed) to detect and recover from
4999 //    the stranding window.  Thread/Node structures must be aligned on 256-byte
5000 //    boundaries by using placement-new.
5001 // *  Augment MCS with advisory back-link fields maintained with CAS().
5002 //    Pictorially:  LockWord -> T1 <-> T2 <-> T3 <-> ... <-> Tn <-> Owner.
5003 //    The validity of the backlinks must be ratified before we trust the value.
5004 //    If the backlinks are invalid the exiting thread must back-track through the
5005 //    the forward links, which are always trustworthy.
5006 // *  Add a successor indication.  The LockWord is currently encoded as
5007 //    (List, LOCKBIT:1).  We could also add a SUCCBIT or an explicit _succ variable
5008 //    to provide the usual futile-wakeup optimization.
5009 //    See RTStt for details.
5010 //
5011 
5012 
5013 const intptr_t LOCKBIT = 1;
5014 
5015 void Thread::muxAcquire(volatile intptr_t * Lock, const char * LockName) {
5016   intptr_t w = Atomic::cmpxchg(Lock, (intptr_t)0, LOCKBIT);
5017   if (w == 0) return;
5018   if ((w & LOCKBIT) == 0 && Atomic::cmpxchg(Lock, w, w|LOCKBIT) == w) {
5019     return;
5020   }
5021 
5022   ParkEvent * const Self = Thread::current()->_MuxEvent;
5023   assert((intptr_t(Self) & LOCKBIT) == 0, "invariant");
5024   for (;;) {
5025     int its = (os::is_MP() ? 100 : 0) + 1;
5026 
5027     // Optional spin phase: spin-then-park strategy
5028     while (--its >= 0) {
5029       w = *Lock;
5030       if ((w & LOCKBIT) == 0 && Atomic::cmpxchg(Lock, w, w|LOCKBIT) == w) {
5031         return;
5032       }
5033     }
5034 
5035     Self->reset();
5036     Self->OnList = intptr_t(Lock);
5037     // The following fence() isn't _strictly necessary as the subsequent
5038     // CAS() both serializes execution and ratifies the fetched *Lock value.
5039     OrderAccess::fence();
5040     for (;;) {
5041       w = *Lock;
5042       if ((w & LOCKBIT) == 0) {
5043         if (Atomic::cmpxchg(Lock, w, w|LOCKBIT) == w) {
5044           Self->OnList = 0;   // hygiene - allows stronger asserts
5045           return;
5046         }
5047         continue;      // Interference -- *Lock changed -- Just retry
5048       }
5049       assert(w & LOCKBIT, "invariant");
5050       Self->ListNext = (ParkEvent *) (w & ~LOCKBIT);
5051       if (Atomic::cmpxchg(Lock, w, intptr_t(Self)|LOCKBIT) == w) break;
5052     }
5053 
5054     while (Self->OnList != 0) {
5055       Self->park();
5056     }
5057   }
5058 }
5059 
5060 // Release() must extract a successor from the list and then wake that thread.
5061 // It can "pop" the front of the list or use a detach-modify-reattach (DMR) scheme
5062 // similar to that used by ParkEvent::Allocate() and ::Release().  DMR-based
5063 // Release() would :
5064 // (A) CAS() or swap() null to *Lock, releasing the lock and detaching the list.
5065 // (B) Extract a successor from the private list "in-hand"
5066 // (C) attempt to CAS() the residual back into *Lock over null.
5067 //     If there were any newly arrived threads and the CAS() would fail.
5068 //     In that case Release() would detach the RATs, re-merge the list in-hand
5069 //     with the RATs and repeat as needed.  Alternately, Release() might
5070 //     detach and extract a successor, but then pass the residual list to the wakee.
5071 //     The wakee would be responsible for reattaching and remerging before it
5072 //     competed for the lock.
5073 //
5074 // Both "pop" and DMR are immune from ABA corruption -- there can be
5075 // multiple concurrent pushers, but only one popper or detacher.
5076 // This implementation pops from the head of the list.  This is unfair,
5077 // but tends to provide excellent throughput as hot threads remain hot.
5078 // (We wake recently run threads first).
5079 //
5080 // All paths through muxRelease() will execute a CAS.
5081 // Release consistency -- We depend on the CAS in muxRelease() to provide full
5082 // bidirectional fence/MEMBAR semantics, ensuring that all prior memory operations
5083 // executed within the critical section are complete and globally visible before the
5084 // store (CAS) to the lock-word that releases the lock becomes globally visible.
5085 void Thread::muxRelease(volatile intptr_t * Lock)  {
5086   for (;;) {
5087     const intptr_t w = Atomic::cmpxchg(Lock, LOCKBIT, (intptr_t)0);
5088     assert(w & LOCKBIT, "invariant");
5089     if (w == LOCKBIT) return;
5090     ParkEvent * const List = (ParkEvent *) (w & ~LOCKBIT);
5091     assert(List != NULL, "invariant");
5092     assert(List->OnList == intptr_t(Lock), "invariant");
5093     ParkEvent * const nxt = List->ListNext;
5094     guarantee((intptr_t(nxt) & LOCKBIT) == 0, "invariant");
5095 
5096     // The following CAS() releases the lock and pops the head element.
5097     // The CAS() also ratifies the previously fetched lock-word value.
5098     if (Atomic::cmpxchg(Lock, w, intptr_t(nxt)) != w) {
5099       continue;
5100     }
5101     List->OnList = 0;
5102     OrderAccess::fence();
5103     List->unpark();
5104     return;
5105   }
5106 }
5107 
5108 
5109 void Threads::verify() {
5110   ALL_JAVA_THREADS(p) {
5111     p->verify();
5112   }
5113   VMThread* thread = VMThread::vm_thread();
5114   if (thread != NULL) thread->verify();
5115 }